Metadata for Middle East and North Africa Focal Mechanisms

Table of Contents

Identification_Information
     Abstract 
     Purpose 
     Supplemental Information 
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
     Detailed Description
     Overview 
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Section


Identification_Information

Citation_Information Originator: Cornell University GIS Group Publication_Date: 1999 Title: MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Cornell University /INSTOC Other_Citation_Details: compiled from published papers Online_Linkage: http://www.atlas.geo.cornell.edu

Description Abstract The dataset contains location, time, and focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in the North Africa and the Middle East. Solutions are included either because they differ from the CMT solution or because the earthquake predates Harvard CMT analysis (i.e., before 1977) or has a magnitude too small to apply CMT analysis (i.e., < 5.5). Purpose Supplemental_Information Procedures_Used Many researchers have calculated focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in North Africa and the Middle East, using first motions or body wave inversion. Focal mechanism solutions were assembled by the Cornell GIS group from published papers, graduate theses, and personal communications. Those with the P- and T-axes only, or strike and dip only of the two nodal planes, were converted to strike, dip, rake at Cornell using the Fortran program of John Gephart (personal communication). This program also calculates the number of degrees by which the nodal planes differ from orthogonality; this datum became the RAKE_ERR item. All data sets were put into a standard format and combined to make an Arc Info coverage. Revisions Reviews_Applied_to_Data Most solutions have been published (see references). When several sources analyze the same earthquake, the best solution (usually the most recent) was selected. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets References_Cited Cornell University GIS Group, 1998, MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms (= this ArcInfo coverage), Ithaca, New York: Cornell University GIS group. http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu References Part I: We have copies of these papers on file. Abdel Fattah, Aki K., Hesham M. Hussein, Ezzeldien M. Ibrahim, and Ahmad S. Abu El Atta, 1997, Fault plane solutions of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes and their tectonic implications, Annali di Geofisica, 40(6): 1555-1564. Alptekin, Omer, 1973, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in western Turkey and their tectonic implications, PhD thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Anderson, Helen, and James Jackson, 1987, Active tectonics of the Adriatic Region, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 91(3): 937-983. Arieh, E., Y. Rotstein, and U. Peled, 1982, The Dead Sea earthquake of 23 April 1979, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(5): 1627-1634. Baker, Calum, James Jackson, and Keith Priestley, 1993, Earthquakes on the Kazerun Line in the Zagros Mountains of Iran: strike-slip faulting within a fold-and-thrust belt, Geophysical Journal International, 115(1): 41-61. Baker, Calum, Denis Hatzfeld, Helene Lyon-Caen, Elephteria Papadimitriou, and Alexis Rigo, 1997, Earthquake mechanisms of the Adriatic Sea and western Greece: Implications for the oceanic subduction-continental collision transition, Geophysical Journal International, 131(3): 559-594. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, and S. Arshadi, 1979a, Surface rupture and mechanism of the Bob-Tangol (southeastern Iran) earthquake of 19 December 1977, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 42(3): 456-462. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, R.G. Bilham, C.H. Scholz, and C. Soufleris, 1979b, Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 69(6): 1851-1859. Berberian, M., J.A. Jackson, M. Ghorashi, and M.H. Kadjar, 1984, Field and teleseismic observations of the 1981 Golbaf-Sirch earthquakes in SE Iran, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(3): 809-838. Berberian, M., M. Qorashi, J.A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and T. Wallace, 1992, The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NW Persia: Preliminary field and seismological observations, and its tectonic significance, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(4): 1726-1755. Buforn, E., C. Sanz de Galdeano and A. Udías, 1995, Seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Tectonophysics, 248(3-4): 247-261. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and R. Madariaga, 1991, Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 136(4): 375-393. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and M.A. Colombas, 1988, Seismicity, source mechanisms and tectonics of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Tectonophysics 152(1-2): 89-118. Byrne, Daniel E. and Lynn R. Sykes, 1992, Great thrust earthquakes and aseismic slip along the plate boundary of the Makran subduction zone, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(1): 449-478. Canitez, Nezihi and S. Balamir Ucer, 1967, Computer determinations for the fault-plane solutions in and near Anatolia, Tectonophysics, 4(3): 235-244. Canitez, N. and M.N. Toksoz, 1971, Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body and surface wave data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 61(5): 1369-1379. Chaimov, Thomas A. and Muawia Barazangi, 1990, Crustal shortening in the Palmyride Fold Belt, Syria, and implications for movement along the Dead Sea fault system, Tectonics, 9(6): 1369-1386. Chandra, Umesh, 1984, Focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in Iran, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 34(1): 9-16. Comninakis, E., and C. Papazachos, 1972, Seismicity of the eastern Mediterranean and some tectonic features of the Mediterranean Ridge, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83(4): 1093-1102. Dlala, M., and M. Hfaiedh, 1993, Le seisme du 7 novembre 1989 a Metlaoui (Tunisie meriodonale): Une tectonique active en compression, Comptes Rendus de lAcademie des Sciences, Serie 2, 317(10): 1297-1302. El Alami, S.O., F. Medina and H. Jebli, 1992, Etude du seisme dAgadir du 5 avril 1992, GAIA, 5: 1-5. Eyidogan, Haluk and James Jackson, 1985, A seismological study of normal faulting in the Demirci, Alasehir and Gediz earthquakes of 1969-70 in western Turkey: Implications for the nature and geometry of deformation in the continental crust, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 81(3): 569-607. Fahmi, Khalid J., Mazin A.H. Al Salim, and Basil S. Ayar, 1986, Recent earthquake activity in the Lesser Zab region of northeastern Iraq, Tectonophysics, 131(1-2): 89-111. Frogneux, M., 1980, La sismicité marocaine de 1972 á 1978: Etude des parametres a la source des séismes proches, PhD thesis, Grenoble, France: Univ. Grenoble, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne, 131 pp. Fuenzalida, H., L. Dorbath, A. Cisternas, H. Eyidogan, A. Barka, L. Rivera, H. Haessler, H. Philip, and N. Lyberis, 1997, Mechanism of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake and its aftershocks, tectonics of the Erzincan Basin and decoupling on the North Anatolian Fault, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): 1-28. Girardin, N., D. Hatzfeld and R. Guiraud, 1978, La sismicité du nord de lAlgerie, Comptes Rendus sommaire du Société Géologique de France, 19, supplement 2: 95-100. Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1986, The Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary: Focal mechanisms, depths of earthquakes, and their tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research 91(2): 2029-2047. Gueddiche, M., H. Harjono, N. B. Ayed, M. Hfaiedh, M. Diament and J. Dubois, 1992, Analyse de la séismicité et mise en évidence daccidents actifs dans le nord de la Tunisie, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 163(4): 415-425. Hatzfeld, D., D. Kementzetzidou, V. Karakostas, M. Ziazia, S. Nothard, D. Diagourtas, A. Deschamps, G. Karakaisis, P. Papadimitriou, M. Scordilis, R. Smith, N. Voulgaris, S. Kiratzi, K. Makropoulos, M.P. Bouin, and P. Bernard., 1996, The Galaxidi earthquake of 18 November 1992: A possible asperity within the normal fault system of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6): 1987-1991. Hofstetter, A., T. van Eck, and A. Shapira, 1996, Seismic activity along fault branches of the Dead Sea-Jordan Transform System: The Carmel-Tirtza fault system, Tectonophysics, 267(1-4): 317-330. Jackson, James, and Dan McKenzie, 1984, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan Belt between western Turkey and Pakistan, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(1): 185-264. Jackson, James, and Graham Yielding, 1983, The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 91(1-2): 15-28. Jackson, J.A., J. Gagnepain, G. Houseman, G.C.P. King, P. Papadimitriou, C. Soufleris, and J. Virieux, 1982, Seismicity, normal faulting, and the geomorphological development of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece): the Corinth earthquakes of February and March 1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 57(2): 377-397. Jacob, Klaus H., and Richard L. Quittmeyer, 1979, The Makran region of Pakistan and Iran: Trench-arc system with active plate subduction, in Abul Farah and Kees A. DeJong, editors, Geodynamics of Pakistan, Quetta: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 1979. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1989, Estimation of earthquake source parameters of the May 4, 1972 event of the Hellenic Arc by the inversion of waveform data, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 57(3-4): 225-232. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1991(a), Moment tensor inversion of the 1983 January 17 Kefallinia event of Ionian Islands (Greece), Geophysical Journal International, 105(2): 529-535. Kiratzi, Anastasia, Gregory Wagner, and Charles Langston, 1991(b), Source parameters of some large earthquakes in northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 135(4): 515-527. Kiratzi, Anastasia A. and Constantinos B. Papazachos, 1995, Active crustal deformation from the Azores triple junction to the Middle East, Tectonophysics, 243(1-2): 1-24. Kristy, M.J., L.J. Burdick, and D.W. Simpson, 1980, The focal mechanisms of the Gazli, USSR, earthquakes, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(5): 1737-1750. Laane, Janet L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1989, The Makran earthquake of 1983 April 18: A possible analogue to the Puget Sound earthquake of 1965?, Geophysical Journal International, 98(1): 1-9. Lyon-Caen, H., R. Armijo, J. Drakopoulos, J. Baskoutass, N. Delibassis, R. Gaulon, V. Kouskouna, J. Latoussakis, K. Makropoulos, P. Papadimitriou, D. Papanastassiou, and G. Pedotti, 1988, he 1986 Kalamata (South Pelopennesus) earthquake: Detailed study of a normal fault, evidences for east-west extension in the Hellenic Arc, Journal of Geophysical Research, 93: 14967-15000. McKenzie, Dan, 1978, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55(1): 217-254. McKenzie, Dan, 1972, Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region, Royal Astronomical Society, Geophysical Journal, 30(2): 109-185. McKenzie, D.P., P. Davies, and P. Molnar, 1970, Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa, Nature, 226(5242): 243-248. Medina, Fida, 1995, Present-day state of stress in northern Morocco from focal mechanism analysis, Journal of Structural Geology, 17(7): 1035-1046. Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1991, Focal mechanisms of the Atlas earthquakes, and tectonic implications, Geoligische Rundschau, 80: 639-648. Meghraoui, M., A. Cisternas and H. Philip, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Lower Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) earthquake, Tectonics, 5(6): 809-836. Mezcua, J. and J. Rueda, 1997, Seismological evidence for a delamination process in the lithosphere under the Alboran Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): F1-F8. Nabelek, John, 1984, Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Inversion of Body Waves, PhD thesis, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ni, James, and Muawia Barazangi, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Zagros continental collision zone and a comparison with the Himalayas, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(8): 8205-8218. Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino de Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. Pinar, Ali, and Niyazi Turkelli, 1997, Source inversion of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 283(1-4): 279-288. Pinar, Ali, 1998, Source inversion of the October 1, 1995, Dinar earthquake (Ms = 6.1): A rupture model with implications for seismotectonics in SW Turkey, Tectonophysics, 292(3-4): 255-266. Priestley, Keith, Calum Baker, and James Jackson, 1994, Implications of earthquake focal mechanism data for the active tectonics of the south Caspian Basin and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal International, 118(1): 111-141. Quittmeyer, Richard C. and Alan L. Kafka, 1984, Constraints on plate motions in southern Pakistan and the northern Arabian Sea from the focal mechanisms of small earthquakes, Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(4): 2444-2458. Saikia, C.K., H.K. Thio, B.B. Woods, X. Song, L. Zhu, and D.V. Helmberger, 1996, Path calibration, source estimation and regional discrimination for the Middle East and western Mediterranean, Woodward-Clyde Federal Services report PL-TR-96-2307 for Phillips Laboratory, Directorate of Geophysics, Air Force Materiel Command, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Sipkin, Stuart A., 1986, Interpretation of non-double-couple earthquake mechanisms derived from moment tensor inversion, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(1): 531-547. Stewart, Gordon S. and Hiroo Kanamori, 1982, Complexity of rupture in large strike-slip earthquakes in Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 28(1): 70-84. Suleiman, Abdunnur S. and Diane I. Doser, 1995, The seismicity, seismotectonics and earthquake hazards of Libya, with detailed analysis of the 1935 April 19, M = 7.1 earthquake sequence, Geophysical Journal International, 120(2): 312-322. Tadili, B.A., and M. Ramdani, 1986, La sismicité du Moyen Atlas, Gerlands Beitrift fur Geophysik, 95(6): 469-476. Taymaz, T., J. Jackson, and R. Westaway, 1990, Earthquake mechanisms in the Hellenic Trench near Crete, Geophysical Journal International, 102(3): 695-731. Taymaz, Tuncay, Haluk Eyidogan, and James Jackson, 1991(a), Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey), Geophysical Journal International, 106(3): 537-550. Taymaz, Tuncay, James Jackson, and Dan McKenzie, 1991(b), Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 106(2): 433-490. Taymaz, Tuncay and Simon Price, 1992, The 1971 May 12 Burdur earthquake sequence, SW Turkey: A synthesis of seismological and geological observations, Geophysical Journal International, 108(2): 589-603. Taymaz, Tuncay, 1993, The source parameters of the Cubukdag (W. Turkey) earthquake of 1986 October 11, Geophysical Journal International, 113(1): 260-267. Thio, Hong Kie, Xi Song, Chandan K. Saikia, Donald V. Helmberger, and Bradley B. Woods, 1999, Seismic source and structure estimation in the western Mediterranean using a sparse broadband network, Journal of Geophysical Research, 104: 845-861. Toksoz, M. Nafi, John Nabelek, and Esen Arpat, 1978, Source properties of the 1976 earthquake in east Turkey: A comparison of field data and teleseismic results, Tectonophysics, 49(3-4): 199-205. Triep, E.G., G.A. Abers, A.L. Lerner-Lam, V. Mishatkin, N. Zakharchenko, and O. Starovoit, 1995, Active thrust front of the Greater Caucasus: The April 29, 1991, Racha earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(3): 4011-4033. van Eck, Torild, and Abraham Hofstetter, 1990, Fault geometry and spatial clustering of microearthquakes along the Dead Sea-Jordan rift fault zone, Tectonophysics, 180(1): 15-27. Westaway, Rob, 1990, The Tripoli, Libya, earthquake of September 4, 1974: Implications for the Active tectonics of the central Mediterranean, Tectonics, 9(2): 231-248. Yielding, G., M. Ouyed, G.C.P. King, and D. Hatzfeld, 1989, Active tectonics of the Algerian Atlas Mountains--evidence from aftershocks of the 1980 El Asnam earthquake, Geophysical Journal International, 99(3): 761-788. Zhang, Jiajun, 1998, Inversion of surface wave spectra for source parameters of large earthquakes using aspherical earth models, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 107(4): 327-350. References Part II: We have events from these papers, but not the papers on file (because we took the data from another paper which cited the original). In the coverage, the original author and paper are listed as AUTHOR and REFERENCE attributes, respectively, and the citing paper that we actually have is mentioned in COMMENTS. Bounif, A., H. Haessler and M. Meghraoui, 1987, The Constantine (northeast Algeria) earthquake of October 27, 1985: Surface ruptures and aftershock study, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 85(4): 451-460. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., and A. Udías, 1991, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Gulf of Cádiz, south Spain and Alboran Sea, pp. 29-40 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., J. Mézcua and A. Udías, 1988a, Mecanismo focal del terremoto del cabo de San Vicente de 20 de octubre 1986, Revista Geofísica, 44(1): 109-112. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., A. Udías and J. Mézcua, 1988c, Seismicity and focal mechanisms in south Spain, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 78(6): 2008-2024. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Cipar, J., 1980, Teleseismic observations of the 1976 Friuli, Italy earthquake sequence, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(4): 963-983. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Cisternas, A., J. Dorel and R. Gaulong, 1982, Models of the complex source of the El Asnam earthquake, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72: 2245-2266. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Coca, P., and E. Buforn, 1994, Mecanismos focales en el sur de España; periodo 1965-1985, Estudios Geologicos, 50(1-2): 33-45. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Deschamps, A., Y. Gaudemer and A. Cisternas, 1982, The El Asnam, Algeria, earthquake of 10 October 1980: Multiple-source mechanism determined from long-period records, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(4): 1111-1128. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1988, Source mechanisms of four recent earthquakes along the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 92(3): 391-401. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Hatzfeld, D., 1978, Étude sismotectonique de la zone de collision Ibéro-Maghrébian, State Thesis, Grenoble, 281. (Cited in Medina, 1995, and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) IGN Data File (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995 and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998. IGN = Inst. Geogr. Nacional, Madrid, Spain.) ISC Jackson, J., and D. McKenzie, 1988, The relationship between plate motions and seismic moment tensors, and the rates of active deformation in the Mediterranean and Middle East, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 93(1): 45-73. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Jiménez, E., 1991, Focal mechanisms of some European earthquakes from the analysis of single station long-periods records, pp. 87-96 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Liotier, Y., 1989, Modelisation des ondes de volume ses seismes de larc Egeen. Formation de 3e Cycle, UFR de Mechanique, Univ. Joseph Fourier de Grenoble 1. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1992, Mécanismes au foyer des séismes du Maroc et des régions voisines (1959-1986): Conséquences tectoniques, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 85(2): 433-457. (Cited in Medina, 1995.) Moreira, V.S., 1991, Historical seismicity and seismotectonics of the area situated between the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco, Selvanges and Azores Islands, Seismicity, pp. 213-225 in Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Ouyed, M., M. Meghraoui, A. Cisternas, A. Deschamp, J. Dorel, J. Frechet, R. Raulon, D. Hatzfeld and H. Philip, 1981, Seismotectonics of the El Asnam earthquake, Nature, 292(5818): 26-31. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, B.C., A. Kiratzi, B. Karacostas, D. Panagiotopoulos, E. Scordilis, and D. Mountrakis, 1988, Surface fault traces, fault plane solution and spatial distribution of the aftershocks of the September 13, 1986 earthquake of Kalamata (southern Greece), Pure and Applied Geophysics, 126(1): 55-68. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, C., A.A. Kiratzi, and B.C. Papazachos, 1992, Rates of active crustal deformation in the Aegean and the surrounding area, Joural of Geodynamics, 16(3): 147-179. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Ritsema, A., 1974, The earthquake mechanisms of the Balkan region, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Sct. Report., 74-4. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Rueda, J., J. Mézcua, E. Buforn and J. Galán, 1992, Estudio del terremoto de 13 de Septiembre de 1984 en la Sierra de Alhamilla y su serie de réplicas, Revista Geofísica, 48(1): 87-95. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Shirokova, E., 1972, Stress pattern and probable motion in the earthquake foci of the Asia-Mediterranean seismic belt, in L.M. Balakina et al. (editors), Elastic Strain Field of the Earth and Mechanisms of Earthquake Sources. (Seismology 8.) Nauka, Moscow. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Shirokova, Y.I., 1967, Obshchiye zamonomernosti v oriyentatsii glavnykh napryazheniy v ochagkh zemletryaseniy srednezemnomorsko - aziatskogo seysmicheskogo poyasa, Akad. nauk sssr izv. fizika semli, 1: 22-36. (Cited in Meghraoui et al., 1986.) Udías, A. López-Arroyo and J. Mezcua, 1976, Seismotectonics of the Azores-Alboran region, Tectonophysics, 31: 259-289. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Vidal, F., 1986, Sismotectónica de la región Béticas-Mar de Alborán, 450. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Westaway, Rob, 1987, The Campania, southern Italy, earthquakes of 1962 August 21, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 88(1): 1-24. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Notes Time_Period_of_Content Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 1908 Ending_Date: present Currentness_Reference Time_Period_of_Content is the range of earthquake dates included in the coverage. Status Progress: published on web Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency None planned. Spatial_Domain Bounding_Coordinates West_Bounding_Coordinate: -35.90000173 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 74.44000213 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.36000115 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.11999994

Keywords Theme Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Place Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Middle East and North Africa Stratum Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Temporal Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword:

Access_Constraints Contains copyrighted data. Use_Constraints Most data are from copyrighted publications. Point_of_Contact: See Distribution_Information for contact information.

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        Ellipsoid_Name:  Clarke 1866
        Semi-major_Axis: 6,378,206.4
        Denominator_of_Flattening: 294.98


Entity_and_Attribute_Information

Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: FOCMECS_MENA.PAT Entity_Type_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Entity_Type_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute: Attribute_Label: - Attribute_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Attribute_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: - Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Degenerate area of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Degenerate perimeter of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA# Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Computed Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sequential unique positive integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA-ID Attribute_Definition: User-assigned feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: User-defined Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_RAKE Attribute_Definition: dip and rake rounded to nearest ten degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: calculated from published dip and rake by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2-digit number, underscore, +/- 3-digit Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SYMBOL Attribute_Definition: symbol number for appropriate focal mechanism symbol Attribute_Definition_Source: assigned by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: longitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: latitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE Attribute_Definition: month, day, year Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: format is MM/DD/YY or M/D/YY Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: HOUR Attribute_Definition: hour time of event Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 - 23 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MIN Attribute_Definition: minute of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0-59 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SEC Attribute_Definition: second of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0.0 to 59.9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SECCOR Attribute_Definition: centroid time from the inversion measured from origin time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LAT Attribute_Definition: latitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LON Attribute_Definition: longitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CODE Attribute_Definition: source of epicenter information Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: MLI, PDE, ISC Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEPTH Attribute_Definition: depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE Attribute_Definition: strike for best double couple (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of strike Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP Attribute_Definition: dip for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 1 to 90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of dip Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE Attribute_Definition: rake for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P-T axes or nodal planes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integers -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: 1)standard deviation of rake OR 2)amount by which planes differ from orthogonal Attribute_Definition_Source: 1) published paper 2) Cornell GIS group (if calc. from PT or nodal planes) Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLIP_VEC Attribute_Definition: azimuth of slip vector relative to North Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-360 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE2 Attribute_Definition: strike of second nodal plane (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP2 Attribute_Definition: dip of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE2 Attribute_Definition: rake of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL1 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE1 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEA Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL2 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE2 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEB Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL3 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE3 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEC Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: T_MOMENT Attribute_Definition: scalar moment, to be multiplied by 10^EXPONENT Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EXPONENT Attribute_Definition: exponent of all moment values Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR Attribute_Definition: first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS Attribute_Definition: second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE Attribute_Definition: third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS Attribute_Definition: fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE Attribute_Definition: fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE Attribute_Definition: sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MB Attribute_Definition: body wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MS Attribute_Definition: surface wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MW Attribute_Definition: moment magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ML Attribute_Definition: local magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAG_GEN Attribute_Definition: earthquake magnitude (may be body wave, surface wave, moment, or local) Attribute_Definition_Source: selected from published magnitude types by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_STA Attribute_Definition: number of stations used to model focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_PWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of P-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_SWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of S-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ICUT Attribute_Definition: body-wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWSTA Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave stations used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWREC Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave records used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MICUT Attribute_Definition: mantle wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT Attribute_Definition: centroid latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON Attribute_Definition: centroid longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH Attribute_Definition: centroid depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid depth Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: METHOD Attribute_Definition: method of determining focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: first motions, body wave inversion Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AUTHOR Attribute_Definition: first initial and author of published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: not representable as a preset list Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: REFERENCE Attribute_Definition: abbreviated reference information of original published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: journal name, year, volume: pages Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS1 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS2 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: X-COORD Attribute_Definition: longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y-COORD Attribute_Definition: latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -90 to +90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Overview_Description Entity_and_Attribute_Overview Earthquake location, magnitude, depth, time, strike, dip, and rake, are attributes. Note that RAKE_ERR may be the original authors calculated standard error in rake, or may be the Cornell-determined deviation from nodal plane orthogonality. The latter case is so noted in COMMENTS1 or COMMENTS2. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Not Available


Distribution_Information


Metadata_Reference_Section

Metadata_Date: 19990223 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Muawia Barazangi Contact_Organization: Cornell University / INSTOC Contact_Position: Senior Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Cornell University Snee Hall Department of Geological Sciences City: Ithaca State_or_Province: NY Postal_Code: 14853 Country: U.S.A. Contact_Voice_Telephone: (607)255-6411 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (607)254-4780 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: barazangi@geology.cornell.edu Hours_of_Service: 8:00 - 17:00 Eastern time Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Last modified: 99-03-08.10:54:33.Mon

Metadata for Middle East and North Africa Focal Mechanisms

Table of Contents

Identification_Information
     Abstract 
     Purpose 
     Supplemental Information 
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
     Detailed Description
     Overview 
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Section


Identification_Information

Citation_Information Originator: Cornell University GIS Group Publication_Date: 1999 Title: MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Cornell University /INSTOC Other_Citation_Details: compiled from published papers Online_Linkage: http://www.atlas.geo.cornell.edu

Description Abstract The dataset contains location, time, and focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in the North Africa and the Middle East. Solutions are included either because they differ from the CMT solution or because the earthquake predates Harvard CMT analysis (i.e., before 1977) or has a magnitude too small to apply CMT analysis (i.e., < 5.5). Purpose Supplemental_Information Procedures_Used Many researchers have calculated focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in North Africa and the Middle East, using first motions or body wave inversion. Focal mechanism solutions were assembled by the Cornell GIS group from published papers, graduate theses, and personal communications. Those with the P- and T-axes only, or strike and dip only of the two nodal planes, were converted to strike, dip, rake at Cornell using the Fortran program of John Gephart (personal communication). This program also calculates the number of degrees by which the nodal planes differ from orthogonality; this datum became the RAKE_ERR item. All data sets were put into a standard format and combined to make an Arc Info coverage. Revisions Reviews_Applied_to_Data Most solutions have been published (see references). When several sources analyze the same earthquake, the best solution (usually the most recent) was selected. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets References_Cited Cornell University GIS Group, 1998, MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms (= this ArcInfo coverage), Ithaca, New York: Cornell University GIS group. http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu References Part I: We have copies of these papers on file. Abdel Fattah, Aki K., Hesham M. Hussein, Ezzeldien M. Ibrahim, and Ahmad S. Abu El Atta, 1997, Fault plane solutions of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes and their tectonic implications, Annali di Geofisica, 40(6): 1555-1564. Alptekin, Omer, 1973, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in western Turkey and their tectonic implications, PhD thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Anderson, Helen, and James Jackson, 1987, Active tectonics of the Adriatic Region, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 91(3): 937-983. Arieh, E., Y. Rotstein, and U. Peled, 1982, The Dead Sea earthquake of 23 April 1979, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(5): 1627-1634. Baker, Calum, James Jackson, and Keith Priestley, 1993, Earthquakes on the Kazerun Line in the Zagros Mountains of Iran: strike-slip faulting within a fold-and-thrust belt, Geophysical Journal International, 115(1): 41-61. Baker, Calum, Denis Hatzfeld, Helene Lyon-Caen, Elephteria Papadimitriou, and Alexis Rigo, 1997, Earthquake mechanisms of the Adriatic Sea and western Greece: Implications for the oceanic subduction-continental collision transition, Geophysical Journal International, 131(3): 559-594. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, and S. Arshadi, 1979a, Surface rupture and mechanism of the Bob-Tangol (southeastern Iran) earthquake of 19 December 1977, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 42(3): 456-462. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, R.G. Bilham, C.H. Scholz, and C. Soufleris, 1979b, Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 69(6): 1851-1859. Berberian, M., J.A. Jackson, M. Ghorashi, and M.H. Kadjar, 1984, Field and teleseismic observations of the 1981 Golbaf-Sirch earthquakes in SE Iran, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(3): 809-838. Berberian, M., M. Qorashi, J.A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and T. Wallace, 1992, The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NW Persia: Preliminary field and seismological observations, and its tectonic significance, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(4): 1726-1755. Buforn, E., C. Sanz de Galdeano and A. Udías, 1995, Seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Tectonophysics, 248(3-4): 247-261. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and R. Madariaga, 1991, Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 136(4): 375-393. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and M.A. Colombas, 1988, Seismicity, source mechanisms and tectonics of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Tectonophysics 152(1-2): 89-118. Byrne, Daniel E. and Lynn R. Sykes, 1992, Great thrust earthquakes and aseismic slip along the plate boundary of the Makran subduction zone, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(1): 449-478. Canitez, Nezihi and S. Balamir Ucer, 1967, Computer determinations for the fault-plane solutions in and near Anatolia, Tectonophysics, 4(3): 235-244. Canitez, N. and M.N. Toksoz, 1971, Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body and surface wave data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 61(5): 1369-1379. Chaimov, Thomas A. and , 1990, Crustal shortening in the Palmyride Fold Belt, Syria, and implications for movement along the Dead Sea fault system, Tectonics, 9(6): 1369-1386. Chandra, Umesh, 1984, Focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in Iran, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 34(1): 9-16. Comninakis, E., and C. Papazachos, 1972, Seismicity of the eastern Mediterranean and some tectonic features of the Mediterranean Ridge, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83(4): 1093-1102. Dlala, M., and M. Hfaiedh, 1993, Le seisme du 7 novembre 1989 a Metlaoui (Tunisie meriodonale): Une tectonique active en compression, Comptes Rendus de lAcademie des Sciences, Serie 2, 317(10): 1297-1302. El Alami, S.O., F. Medina and H. Jebli, 1992, Etude du seisme dAgadir du 5 avril 1992, GAIA, 5: 1-5. Eyidogan, Haluk and James Jackson, 1985, A seismological study of normal faulting in the Demirci, Alasehir and Gediz earthquakes of 1969-70 in western Turkey: Implications for the nature and geometry of deformation in the continental crust, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 81(3): 569-607. Fahmi, Khalid J., Mazin A.H. Al Salim, and Basil S. Ayar, 1986, Recent earthquake activity in the Lesser Zab region of northeastern Iraq, Tectonophysics, 131(1-2): 89-111. Frogneux, M., 1980, La sismicité marocaine de 1972 á 1978: Etude des parametres a la source des séismes proches, PhD thesis, Grenoble, France: Univ. Grenoble, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne, 131 pp. Fuenzalida, H., L. Dorbath, A. Cisternas, H. Eyidogan, A. Barka, L. Rivera, H. Haessler, H. Philip, and N. Lyberis, 1997, Mechanism of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake and its aftershocks, tectonics of the Erzincan Basin and decoupling on the North Anatolian Fault, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): 1-28. Girardin, N., D. Hatzfeld and R. Guiraud, 1978, La sismicité du nord de lAlgerie, Comptes Rendus sommaire du Société Géologique de France, 19, supplement 2: 95-100. Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1986, The Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary: Focal mechanisms, depths of earthquakes, and their tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research 91(2): 2029-2047. Gueddiche, M., H. Harjono, N. B. Ayed, M. Hfaiedh, M. Diament and J. Dubois, 1992, Analyse de la séismicité et mise en évidence daccidents actifs dans le nord de la Tunisie, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 163(4): 415-425. Hatzfeld, D., D. Kementzetzidou, V. Karakostas, M. Ziazia, S. Nothard, D. Diagourtas, A. Deschamps, G. Karakaisis, P. Papadimitriou, M. Scordilis, R. Smith, N. Voulgaris, S. Kiratzi, K. Makropoulos, M.P. Bouin, and P. Bernard., 1996, The Galaxidi earthquake of 18 November 1992: A possible asperity within the normal fault system of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6): 1987-1991. Hofstetter, A., T. van Eck, and A. Shapira, 1996, Seismic activity along fault branches of the Dead Sea-Jordan Transform System: The Carmel-Tirtza fault system, Tectonophysics, 267(1-4): 317-330. Jackson, James, and Dan McKenzie, 1984, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan Belt between western Turkey and Pakistan, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(1): 185-264. Jackson, James, and Graham Yielding, 1983, The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 91(1-2): 15-28. Jackson, J.A., J. Gagnepain, G. Houseman, G.C.P. King, P. Papadimitriou, C. Soufleris, and J. Virieux, 1982, Seismicity, normal faulting, and the geomorphological development of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece): the Corinth earthquakes of February and March 1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 57(2): 377-397. Jacob, Klaus H., and Richard L. Quittmeyer, 1979, The Makran region of Pakistan and Iran: Trench-arc system with active plate subduction, in Abul Farah and Kees A. DeJong, editors, Geodynamics of Pakistan, Quetta: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 1979. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1989, Estimation of earthquake source parameters of the May 4, 1972 event of the Hellenic Arc by the inversion of waveform data, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 57(3-4): 225-232. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1991(a), Moment tensor inversion of the 1983 January 17 Kefallinia event of Ionian Islands (Greece), Geophysical Journal International, 105(2): 529-535. Kiratzi, Anastasia, Gregory Wagner, and Charles Langston, 1991(b), Source parameters of some large earthquakes in northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 135(4): 515-527. Kiratzi, Anastasia A. and Constantinos B. Papazachos, 1995, Active crustal deformation from the Azores triple junction to the Middle East, Tectonophysics, 243(1-2): 1-24. Kristy, M.J., L.J. Burdick, and D.W. Simpson, 1980, The focal mechanisms of the Gazli, USSR, earthquakes, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(5): 1737-1750. Laane, Janet L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1989, The Makran earthquake of 1983 April 18: A possible analogue to the Puget Sound earthquake of 1965?, Geophysical Journal International, 98(1): 1-9. Lyon-Caen, H., R. Armijo, J. Drakopoulos, J. Baskoutass, N. Delibassis, R. Gaulon, V. Kouskouna, J. Latoussakis, K. Makropoulos, P. Papadimitriou, D. Papanastassiou, and G. Pedotti, 1988, he 1986 Kalamata (South Pelopennesus) earthquake: Detailed study of a normal fault, evidences for east-west extension in the Hellenic Arc, Journal of Geophysical Research, 93: 14967-15000. McKenzie, Dan, 1978, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55(1): 217-254. McKenzie, Dan, 1972, Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region, Royal Astronomical Society, Geophysical Journal, 30(2): 109-185. McKenzie, D.P., P. Davies, and P. Molnar, 1970, Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa, Nature, 226(5242): 243-248. Medina, Fida, 1995, Present-day state of stress in northern Morocco from focal mechanism analysis, Journal of Structural Geology, 17(7): 1035-1046. Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1991, Focal mechanisms of the Atlas earthquakes, and tectonic implications, Geoligische Rundschau, 80: 639-648. Meghraoui, M., A. Cisternas and H. Philip, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Lower Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) earthquake, Tectonics, 5(6): 809-836. Mezcua, J. and J. Rueda, 1997, Seismological evidence for a delamination process in the lithosphere under the Alboran Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): F1-F8. Nabelek, John, 1984, Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Inversion of Body Waves, PhD thesis, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ni, James, and , 1986, Seismotectonics of the Zagros continental collision zone and a comparison with the Himalayas, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(8): 8205-8218. Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino de Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. Pinar, Ali, and Niyazi Turkelli, 1997, Source inversion of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 283(1-4): 279-288. Pinar, Ali, 1998, Source inversion of the October 1, 1995, Dinar earthquake (Ms = 6.1): A rupture model with implications for seismotectonics in SW Turkey, Tectonophysics, 292(3-4): 255-266. Priestley, Keith, Calum Baker, and James Jackson, 1994, Implications of earthquake focal mechanism data for the active tectonics of the south Caspian Basin and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal International, 118(1): 111-141. Quittmeyer, Richard C. and Alan L. Kafka, 1984, Constraints on plate motions in southern Pakistan and the northern Arabian Sea from the focal mechanisms of small earthquakes, Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(4): 2444-2458. Saikia, C.K., H.K. Thio, B.B. Woods, X. Song, L. Zhu, and D.V. Helmberger, 1996, Path calibration, source estimation and regional discrimination for the Middle East and western Mediterranean, Woodward-Clyde Federal Services report PL-TR-96-2307 for Phillips Laboratory, Directorate of Geophysics, Air Force Materiel Command, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Sipkin, Stuart A., 1986, Interpretation of non-double-couple earthquake mechanisms derived from moment tensor inversion, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(1): 531-547. Stewart, Gordon S. and Hiroo Kanamori, 1982, Complexity of rupture in large strike-slip earthquakes in Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 28(1): 70-84. Suleiman, Abdunnur S. and Diane I. Doser, 1995, The seismicity, seismotectonics and earthquake hazards of Libya, with detailed analysis of the 1935 April 19, M = 7.1 earthquake sequence, Geophysical Journal International, 120(2): 312-322. Tadili, B.A., and M. Ramdani, 1986, La sismicité du Moyen Atlas, Gerlands Beitrift fur Geophysik, 95(6): 469-476. Taymaz, T., J. Jackson, and R. Westaway, 1990, Earthquake mechanisms in the Hellenic Trench near Crete, Geophysical Journal International, 102(3): 695-731. Taymaz, Tuncay, Haluk Eyidogan, and James Jackson, 1991(a), Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey), Geophysical Journal International, 106(3): 537-550. Taymaz, Tuncay, James Jackson, and Dan McKenzie, 1991(b), Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 106(2): 433-490. Taymaz, Tuncay and Simon Price, 1992, The 1971 May 12 Burdur earthquake sequence, SW Turkey: A synthesis of seismological and geological observations, Geophysical Journal International, 108(2): 589-603. Taymaz, Tuncay, 1993, The source parameters of the Cubukdag (W. Turkey) earthquake of 1986 October 11, Geophysical Journal International, 113(1): 260-267. Thio, Hong Kie, Xi Song, Chandan K. Saikia, Donald V. Helmberger, and Bradley B. Woods, 1999, Seismic source and structure estimation in the western Mediterranean using a sparse broadband network, Journal of Geophysical Research, 104: 845-861. Toksoz, M. Nafi, John Nabelek, and Esen Arpat, 1978, Source properties of the 1976 earthquake in east Turkey: A comparison of field data and teleseismic results, Tectonophysics, 49(3-4): 199-205. Triep, E.G., G.A. Abers, A.L. Lerner-Lam, V. Mishatkin, N. Zakharchenko, and O. Starovoit, 1995, Active thrust front of the Greater Caucasus: The April 29, 1991, Racha earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(3): 4011-4033. van Eck, Torild, and Abraham Hofstetter, 1990, Fault geometry and spatial clustering of microearthquakes along the Dead Sea-Jordan rift fault zone, Tectonophysics, 180(1): 15-27. Westaway, Rob, 1990, The Tripoli, Libya, earthquake of September 4, 1974: Implications for the Active tectonics of the central Mediterranean, Tectonics, 9(2): 231-248. Yielding, G., M. Ouyed, G.C.P. King, and D. Hatzfeld, 1989, Active tectonics of the Algerian Atlas Mountains--evidence from aftershocks of the 1980 El Asnam earthquake, Geophysical Journal International, 99(3): 761-788. Zhang, Jiajun, 1998, Inversion of surface wave spectra for source parameters of large earthquakes using aspherical earth models, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 107(4): 327-350. References Part II: We have events from these papers, but not the papers on file (because we took the data from another paper which cited the original). In the coverage, the original author and paper are listed as AUTHOR and REFERENCE attributes, respectively, and the citing paper that we actually have is mentioned in COMMENTS. Bounif, A., H. Haessler and M. Meghraoui, 1987, The Constantine (northeast Algeria) earthquake of October 27, 1985: Surface ruptures and aftershock study, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 85(4): 451-460. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., and A. Udías, 1991, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Gulf of Cádiz, south Spain and Alboran Sea, pp. 29-40 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., J. Mézcua and A. Udías, 1988a, Mecanismo focal del terremoto del cabo de San Vicente de 20 de octubre 1986, Revista Geofísica, 44(1): 109-112. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., A. Udías and J. Mézcua, 1988c, Seismicity and focal mechanisms in south Spain, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 78(6): 2008-2024. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Cipar, J., 1980, Teleseismic observations of the 1976 Friuli, Italy earthquake sequence, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(4): 963-983. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Cisternas, A., J. Dorel and R. Gaulong, 1982, Models of the complex source of the El Asnam earthquake, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72: 2245-2266. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Coca, P., and E. Buforn, 1994, Mecanismos focales en el sur de España; periodo 1965-1985, Estudios Geologicos, 50(1-2): 33-45. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Deschamps, A., Y. Gaudemer and A. Cisternas, 1982, The El Asnam, Algeria, earthquake of 10 October 1980: Multiple-source mechanism determined from long-period records, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(4): 1111-1128. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1988, Source mechanisms of four recent earthquakes along the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 92(3): 391-401. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Hatzfeld, D., 1978, Étude sismotectonique de la zone de collision Ibéro-Maghrébian, State Thesis, Grenoble, 281. (Cited in Medina, 1995, and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) IGN Data File (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995 and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998. IGN = Inst. Geogr. Nacional, Madrid, Spain.) ISC Jackson, J., and D. McKenzie, 1988, The relationship between plate motions and seismic moment tensors, and the rates of active deformation in the Mediterranean and Middle East, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 93(1): 45-73. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Jiménez, E., 1991, Focal mechanisms of some European earthquakes from the analysis of single station long-periods records, pp. 87-96 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Liotier, Y., 1989, Modelisation des ondes de volume ses seismes de larc Egeen. Formation de 3e Cycle, UFR de Mechanique, Univ. Joseph Fourier de Grenoble 1. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1992, Mécanismes au foyer des séismes du Maroc et des régions voisines (1959-1986): Conséquences tectoniques, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 85(2): 433-457. (Cited in Medina, 1995.) Moreira, V.S., 1991, Historical seismicity and seismotectonics of the area situated between the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco, Selvanges and Azores Islands, Seismicity, pp. 213-225 in Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Ouyed, M., M. Meghraoui, A. Cisternas, A. Deschamp, J. Dorel, J. Frechet, R. Raulon, D. Hatzfeld and H. Philip, 1981, Seismotectonics of the El Asnam earthquake, Nature, 292(5818): 26-31. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, B.C., A. Kiratzi, B. Karacostas, D. Panagiotopoulos, E. Scordilis, and D. Mountrakis, 1988, Surface fault traces, fault plane solution and spatial distribution of the aftershocks of the September 13, 1986 earthquake of Kalamata (southern Greece), Pure and Applied Geophysics, 126(1): 55-68. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, C., A.A. Kiratzi, and B.C. Papazachos, 1992, Rates of active crustal deformation in the Aegean and the surrounding area, Joural of Geodynamics, 16(3): 147-179. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Ritsema, A., 1974, The earthquake mechanisms of the Balkan region, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Sct. Report., 74-4. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Rueda, J., J. Mézcua, E. Buforn and J. Galán, 1992, Estudio del terremoto de 13 de Septiembre de 1984 en la Sierra de Alhamilla y su serie de réplicas, Revista Geofísica, 48(1): 87-95. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Shirokova, E., 1972, Stress pattern and probable motion in the earthquake foci of the Asia-Mediterranean seismic belt, in L.M. Balakina et al. (editors), Elastic Strain Field of the Earth and Mechanisms of Earthquake Sources. (Seismology 8.) Nauka, Moscow. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Shirokova, Y.I., 1967, Obshchiye zamonomernosti v oriyentatsii glavnykh napryazheniy v ochagkh zemletryaseniy srednezemnomorsko - aziatskogo seysmicheskogo poyasa, Akad. nauk sssr izv. fizika semli, 1: 22-36. (Cited in Meghraoui et al., 1986.) Udías, A. López-Arroyo and J. Mezcua, 1976, Seismotectonics of the Azores-Alboran region, Tectonophysics, 31: 259-289. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Vidal, F., 1986, Sismotectónica de la región Béticas-Mar de Alborán, 450. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Westaway, Rob, 1987, The Campania, southern Italy, earthquakes of 1962 August 21, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 88(1): 1-24. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Notes Time_Period_of_Content Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 1908 Ending_Date: present Currentness_Reference Time_Period_of_Content is the range of earthquake dates included in the coverage. Status Progress: published on web Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency None planned. Spatial_Domain Bounding_Coordinates West_Bounding_Coordinate: -35.90000173 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 74.44000213 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.36000115 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.11999994

Keywords Theme Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Place Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Middle East and North Africa Stratum Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Temporal Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword:

Access_Constraints Contains copyrighted data. Use_Constraints Most data are from copyrighted publications. Point_of_Contact: See Distribution_Information for contact information.

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Data_Quality_Information

Attribute_Accuracy Attribute_Accuracy_Report: See Entity_Attribute_Information

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment Attribute_Accuracy_Value: See Explanation Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Point features present.

Completeness_Report Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference. Lineage: See Supplemental_Information for overview.

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Entity_and_Attribute_Information

Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: FOCMECS_MENA.PAT Entity_Type_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Entity_Type_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute: Attribute_Label: - Attribute_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Attribute_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: - Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Degenerate area of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Degenerate perimeter of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA# Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Computed Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sequential unique positive integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA-ID Attribute_Definition: User-assigned feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: User-defined Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_RAKE Attribute_Definition: dip and rake rounded to nearest ten degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: calculated from published dip and rake by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2-digit number, underscore, +/- 3-digit Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SYMBOL Attribute_Definition: symbol number for appropriate focal mechanism symbol Attribute_Definition_Source: assigned by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: longitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: latitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE Attribute_Definition: month, day, year Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: format is MM/DD/YY or M/D/YY Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: HOUR Attribute_Definition: hour time of event Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 - 23 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MIN Attribute_Definition: minute of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0-59 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SEC Attribute_Definition: second of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0.0 to 59.9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SECCOR Attribute_Definition: centroid time from the inversion measured from origin time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LAT Attribute_Definition: latitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LON Attribute_Definition: longitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CODE Attribute_Definition: source of epicenter information Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: MLI, PDE, ISC Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEPTH Attribute_Definition: depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE Attribute_Definition: strike for best double couple (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of strike Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP Attribute_Definition: dip for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 1 to 90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of dip Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE Attribute_Definition: rake for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P-T axes or nodal planes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integers -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: 1)standard deviation of rake OR 2)amount by which planes differ from orthogonal Attribute_Definition_Source: 1) published paper 2) Cornell GIS group (if calc. from PT or nodal planes) Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLIP_VEC Attribute_Definition: azimuth of slip vector relative to North Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-360 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE2 Attribute_Definition: strike of second nodal plane (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP2 Attribute_Definition: dip of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE2 Attribute_Definition: rake of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL1 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE1 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEA Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL2 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE2 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEB Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL3 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE3 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEC Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: T_MOMENT Attribute_Definition: scalar moment, to be multiplied by 10^EXPONENT Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EXPONENT Attribute_Definition: exponent of all moment values Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR Attribute_Definition: first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS Attribute_Definition: second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE Attribute_Definition: third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS Attribute_Definition: fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE Attribute_Definition: fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE Attribute_Definition: sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MB Attribute_Definition: body wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MS Attribute_Definition: surface wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MW Attribute_Definition: moment magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ML Attribute_Definition: local magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAG_GEN Attribute_Definition: earthquake magnitude (may be body wave, surface wave, moment, or local) Attribute_Definition_Source: selected from published magnitude types by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_STA Attribute_Definition: number of stations used to model focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_PWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of P-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_SWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of S-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ICUT Attribute_Definition: body-wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWSTA Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave stations used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWREC Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave records used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MICUT Attribute_Definition: mantle wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT Attribute_Definition: centroid latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON Attribute_Definition: centroid longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH Attribute_Definition: centroid depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid depth Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: METHOD Attribute_Definition: method of determining focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: first motions, body wave inversion Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AUTHOR Attribute_Definition: first initial and author of published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: not representable as a preset list Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: REFERENCE Attribute_Definition: abbreviated reference information of original published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: journal name, year, volume: pages Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS1 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS2 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: X-COORD Attribute_Definition: longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y-COORD Attribute_Definition: latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -90 to +90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Overview_Description Entity_and_Attribute_Overview Earthquake location, magnitude, depth, time, strike, dip, and rake, are attributes. Note that RAKE_ERR may be the original authors calculated standard error in rake, or may be the Cornell-determined deviation from nodal plane orthogonality. The latter case is so noted in COMMENTS1 or COMMENTS2. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Not Available


Distribution_Information


Metadata_Reference_Section

Metadata_Date: 19990223 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Contact_Organization: Contact_Position: Senior Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Cornell University Snee Hall Department of Geological Sciences City: Ithaca State_or_Province: NY Postal_Code: 14853 Country: U.S.A. Contact_Voice_Telephone: Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Hours_of_Service: 8:00 - 17:00 Eastern time Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Last modified: 99-03-08.10:54:33.Mon

Metadata for Middle East and North Africa Focal Mechanisms

Table of Contents

Identification_Information
     Abstract 
     Purpose 
     Supplemental Information 
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
     Detailed Description
     Overview 
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Section


Identification_Information

Citation_Information Originator: Cornell University GIS Group Publication_Date: 1999 Title: MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Cornell University /INSTOC Other_Citation_Details: compiled from published papers Online_Linkage: http://www.atlas.geo.cornell.edu

Description Abstract The dataset contains location, time, and focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in the North Africa and the Middle East. Solutions are included either because they differ from the CMT solution or because the earthquake predates Harvard CMT analysis (i.e., before 1977) or has a magnitude too small to apply CMT analysis (i.e., < 5.5). Purpose Supplemental_Information Procedures_Used Many researchers have calculated focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in North Africa and the Middle East, using first motions or body wave inversion. Focal mechanism solutions were assembled by the Cornell GIS group from published papers, graduate theses, and personal communications. Those with the P- and T-axes only, or strike and dip only of the two nodal planes, were converted to strike, dip, rake at Cornell using the Fortran program of John Gephart (personal communication). This program also calculates the number of degrees by which the nodal planes differ from orthogonality; this datum became the RAKE_ERR item. All data sets were put into a standard format and combined to make an Arc Info coverage. Revisions Reviews_Applied_to_Data Most solutions have been published (see references). When several sources analyze the same earthquake, the best solution (usually the most recent) was selected. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets References_Cited Cornell University GIS Group, 1998, MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms (= this ArcInfo coverage), , New York: Cornell University GIS group. http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu References Part I: We have copies of these papers on file. Abdel Fattah, Aki K., Hesham M. Hussein, Ezzeldien M. Ibrahim, and Ahmad S. Abu El Atta, 1997, Fault plane solutions of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes and their tectonic implications, Annali di Geofisica, 40(6): 1555-1564. Alptekin, Omer, 1973, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in western Turkey and their tectonic implications, PhD thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Anderson, Helen, and James Jackson, 1987, Active tectonics of the Adriatic Region, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 91(3): 937-983. Arieh, E., Y. Rotstein, and U. Peled, 1982, The Dead Sea earthquake of 23 April 1979, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(5): 1627-1634. Baker, Calum, James Jackson, and Keith Priestley, 1993, Earthquakes on the Kazerun Line in the Zagros Mountains of Iran: strike-slip faulting within a fold-and-thrust belt, Geophysical Journal International, 115(1): 41-61. Baker, Calum, Denis Hatzfeld, Helene Lyon-Caen, Elephteria Papadimitriou, and Alexis Rigo, 1997, Earthquake mechanisms of the Adriatic Sea and western Greece: Implications for the oceanic subduction-continental collision transition, Geophysical Journal International, 131(3): 559-594. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, and S. Arshadi, 1979a, Surface rupture and mechanism of the Bob-Tangol (southeastern Iran) earthquake of 19 December 1977, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 42(3): 456-462. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, R.G. Bilham, C.H. Scholz, and C. Soufleris, 1979b, Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 69(6): 1851-1859. Berberian, M., J.A. Jackson, M. Ghorashi, and M.H. Kadjar, 1984, Field and teleseismic observations of the 1981 Golbaf-Sirch earthquakes in SE Iran, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(3): 809-838. Berberian, M., M. Qorashi, J.A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and T. Wallace, 1992, The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NW Persia: Preliminary field and seismological observations, and its tectonic significance, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(4): 1726-1755. Buforn, E., C. Sanz de Galdeano and A. Udías, 1995, Seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Tectonophysics, 248(3-4): 247-261. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and R. Madariaga, 1991, Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 136(4): 375-393. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and M.A. Colombas, 1988, Seismicity, source mechanisms and tectonics of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Tectonophysics 152(1-2): 89-118. Byrne, Daniel E. and Lynn R. Sykes, 1992, Great thrust earthquakes and aseismic slip along the plate boundary of the Makran subduction zone, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(1): 449-478. Canitez, Nezihi and S. Balamir Ucer, 1967, Computer determinations for the fault-plane solutions in and near Anatolia, Tectonophysics, 4(3): 235-244. Canitez, N. and M.N. Toksoz, 1971, Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body and surface wave data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 61(5): 1369-1379. Chaimov, Thomas A. and Muawia Barazangi, 1990, Crustal shortening in the Palmyride Fold Belt, Syria, and implications for movement along the Dead Sea fault system, Tectonics, 9(6): 1369-1386. Chandra, Umesh, 1984, Focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in Iran, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 34(1): 9-16. Comninakis, E., and C. Papazachos, 1972, Seismicity of the eastern Mediterranean and some tectonic features of the Mediterranean Ridge, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83(4): 1093-1102. Dlala, M., and M. Hfaiedh, 1993, Le seisme du 7 novembre 1989 a Metlaoui (Tunisie meriodonale): Une tectonique active en compression, Comptes Rendus de lAcademie des Sciences, Serie 2, 317(10): 1297-1302. El Alami, S.O., F. Medina and H. Jebli, 1992, Etude du seisme dAgadir du 5 avril 1992, GAIA, 5: 1-5. Eyidogan, Haluk and James Jackson, 1985, A seismological study of normal faulting in the Demirci, Alasehir and Gediz earthquakes of 1969-70 in western Turkey: Implications for the nature and geometry of deformation in the continental crust, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 81(3): 569-607. Fahmi, Khalid J., Mazin A.H. Al Salim, and Basil S. Ayar, 1986, Recent earthquake activity in the Lesser Zab region of northeastern Iraq, Tectonophysics, 131(1-2): 89-111. Frogneux, M., 1980, La sismicité marocaine de 1972 á 1978: Etude des parametres a la source des séismes proches, PhD thesis, Grenoble, France: Univ. Grenoble, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne, 131 pp. Fuenzalida, H., L. Dorbath, A. Cisternas, H. Eyidogan, A. Barka, L. Rivera, H. Haessler, H. Philip, and N. Lyberis, 1997, Mechanism of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake and its aftershocks, tectonics of the Erzincan Basin and decoupling on the North Anatolian Fault, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): 1-28. Girardin, N., D. Hatzfeld and R. Guiraud, 1978, La sismicité du nord de lAlgerie, Comptes Rendus sommaire du Société Géologique de France, 19, supplement 2: 95-100. Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1986, The Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary: Focal mechanisms, depths of earthquakes, and their tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research 91(2): 2029-2047. Gueddiche, M., H. Harjono, N. B. Ayed, M. Hfaiedh, M. Diament and J. Dubois, 1992, Analyse de la séismicité et mise en évidence daccidents actifs dans le nord de la Tunisie, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 163(4): 415-425. Hatzfeld, D., D. Kementzetzidou, V. Karakostas, M. Ziazia, S. Nothard, D. Diagourtas, A. Deschamps, G. Karakaisis, P. Papadimitriou, M. Scordilis, R. Smith, N. Voulgaris, S. Kiratzi, K. Makropoulos, M.P. Bouin, and P. Bernard., 1996, The Galaxidi earthquake of 18 November 1992: A possible asperity within the normal fault system of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6): 1987-1991. Hofstetter, A., T. van Eck, and A. Shapira, 1996, Seismic activity along fault branches of the Dead Sea-Jordan Transform System: The Carmel-Tirtza fault system, Tectonophysics, 267(1-4): 317-330. Jackson, James, and Dan McKenzie, 1984, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan Belt between western Turkey and Pakistan, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(1): 185-264. Jackson, James, and Graham Yielding, 1983, The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 91(1-2): 15-28. Jackson, J.A., J. Gagnepain, G. Houseman, G.C.P. King, P. Papadimitriou, C. Soufleris, and J. Virieux, 1982, Seismicity, normal faulting, and the geomorphological development of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece): the Corinth earthquakes of February and March 1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 57(2): 377-397. Jacob, Klaus H., and Richard L. Quittmeyer, 1979, The Makran region of Pakistan and Iran: Trench-arc system with active plate subduction, in Abul Farah and Kees A. DeJong, editors, Geodynamics of Pakistan, Quetta: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 1979. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1989, Estimation of earthquake source parameters of the May 4, 1972 event of the Hellenic Arc by the inversion of waveform data, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 57(3-4): 225-232. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1991(a), Moment tensor inversion of the 1983 January 17 Kefallinia event of Ionian Islands (Greece), Geophysical Journal International, 105(2): 529-535. Kiratzi, Anastasia, Gregory Wagner, and Charles Langston, 1991(b), Source parameters of some large earthquakes in northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 135(4): 515-527. Kiratzi, Anastasia A. and Constantinos B. Papazachos, 1995, Active crustal deformation from the Azores triple junction to the Middle East, Tectonophysics, 243(1-2): 1-24. Kristy, M.J., L.J. Burdick, and D.W. Simpson, 1980, The focal mechanisms of the Gazli, USSR, earthquakes, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(5): 1737-1750. Laane, Janet L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1989, The Makran earthquake of 1983 April 18: A possible analogue to the Puget Sound earthquake of 1965?, Geophysical Journal International, 98(1): 1-9. Lyon-Caen, H., R. Armijo, J. Drakopoulos, J. Baskoutass, N. Delibassis, R. Gaulon, V. Kouskouna, J. Latoussakis, K. Makropoulos, P. Papadimitriou, D. Papanastassiou, and G. Pedotti, 1988, he 1986 Kalamata (South Pelopennesus) earthquake: Detailed study of a normal fault, evidences for east-west extension in the Hellenic Arc, Journal of Geophysical Research, 93: 14967-15000. McKenzie, Dan, 1978, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55(1): 217-254. McKenzie, Dan, 1972, Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region, Royal Astronomical Society, Geophysical Journal, 30(2): 109-185. McKenzie, D.P., P. Davies, and P. Molnar, 1970, Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa, Nature, 226(5242): 243-248. Medina, Fida, 1995, Present-day state of stress in northern Morocco from focal mechanism analysis, Journal of Structural Geology, 17(7): 1035-1046. Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1991, Focal mechanisms of the Atlas earthquakes, and tectonic implications, Geoligische Rundschau, 80: 639-648. Meghraoui, M., A. Cisternas and H. Philip, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Lower Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) earthquake, Tectonics, 5(6): 809-836. Mezcua, J. and J. Rueda, 1997, Seismological evidence for a delamination process in the lithosphere under the Alboran Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): F1-F8. Nabelek, John, 1984, Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Inversion of Body Waves, PhD thesis, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ni, James, and Muawia Barazangi, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Zagros continental collision zone and a comparison with the Himalayas, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(8): 8205-8218. Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino de Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. Pinar, Ali, and Niyazi Turkelli, 1997, Source inversion of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 283(1-4): 279-288. Pinar, Ali, 1998, Source inversion of the October 1, 1995, Dinar earthquake (Ms = 6.1): A rupture model with implications for seismotectonics in SW Turkey, Tectonophysics, 292(3-4): 255-266. Priestley, Keith, Calum Baker, and James Jackson, 1994, Implications of earthquake focal mechanism data for the active tectonics of the south Caspian Basin and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal International, 118(1): 111-141. Quittmeyer, Richard C. and Alan L. Kafka, 1984, Constraints on plate motions in southern Pakistan and the northern Arabian Sea from the focal mechanisms of small earthquakes, Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(4): 2444-2458. Saikia, C.K., H.K. Thio, B.B. Woods, X. Song, L. Zhu, and D.V. Helmberger, 1996, Path calibration, source estimation and regional discrimination for the Middle East and western Mediterranean, Woodward-Clyde Federal Services report PL-TR-96-2307 for Phillips Laboratory, Directorate of Geophysics, Air Force Materiel Command, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Sipkin, Stuart A., 1986, Interpretation of non-double-couple earthquake mechanisms derived from moment tensor inversion, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(1): 531-547. Stewart, Gordon S. and Hiroo Kanamori, 1982, Complexity of rupture in large strike-slip earthquakes in Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 28(1): 70-84. Suleiman, Abdunnur S. and Diane I. Doser, 1995, The seismicity, seismotectonics and earthquake hazards of Libya, with detailed analysis of the 1935 April 19, M = 7.1 earthquake sequence, Geophysical Journal International, 120(2): 312-322. Tadili, B.A., and M. Ramdani, 1986, La sismicité du Moyen Atlas, Gerlands Beitrift fur Geophysik, 95(6): 469-476. Taymaz, T., J. Jackson, and R. Westaway, 1990, Earthquake mechanisms in the Hellenic Trench near Crete, Geophysical Journal International, 102(3): 695-731. Taymaz, Tuncay, Haluk Eyidogan, and James Jackson, 1991(a), Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey), Geophysical Journal International, 106(3): 537-550. Taymaz, Tuncay, James Jackson, and Dan McKenzie, 1991(b), Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 106(2): 433-490. Taymaz, Tuncay and Simon Price, 1992, The 1971 May 12 Burdur earthquake sequence, SW Turkey: A synthesis of seismological and geological observations, Geophysical Journal International, 108(2): 589-603. Taymaz, Tuncay, 1993, The source parameters of the Cubukdag (W. Turkey) earthquake of 1986 October 11, Geophysical Journal International, 113(1): 260-267. Thio, Hong Kie, Xi Song, Chandan K. Saikia, Donald V. Helmberger, and Bradley B. Woods, 1999, Seismic source and structure estimation in the western Mediterranean using a sparse broadband network, Journal of Geophysical Research, 104: 845-861. Toksoz, M. Nafi, John Nabelek, and Esen Arpat, 1978, Source properties of the 1976 earthquake in east Turkey: A comparison of field data and teleseismic results, Tectonophysics, 49(3-4): 199-205. Triep, E.G., G.A. Abers, A.L. Lerner-Lam, V. Mishatkin, N. Zakharchenko, and O. Starovoit, 1995, Active thrust front of the Greater Caucasus: The April 29, 1991, Racha earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(3): 4011-4033. van Eck, Torild, and Abraham Hofstetter, 1990, Fault geometry and spatial clustering of microearthquakes along the Dead Sea-Jordan rift fault zone, Tectonophysics, 180(1): 15-27. Westaway, Rob, 1990, The Tripoli, Libya, earthquake of September 4, 1974: Implications for the Active tectonics of the central Mediterranean, Tectonics, 9(2): 231-248. Yielding, G., M. Ouyed, G.C.P. King, and D. Hatzfeld, 1989, Active tectonics of the Algerian Atlas Mountains--evidence from aftershocks of the 1980 El Asnam earthquake, Geophysical Journal International, 99(3): 761-788. Zhang, Jiajun, 1998, Inversion of surface wave spectra for source parameters of large earthquakes using aspherical earth models, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 107(4): 327-350. References Part II: We have events from these papers, but not the papers on file (because we took the data from another paper which cited the original). In the coverage, the original author and paper are listed as AUTHOR and REFERENCE attributes, respectively, and the citing paper that we actually have is mentioned in COMMENTS. Bounif, A., H. Haessler and M. Meghraoui, 1987, The Constantine (northeast Algeria) earthquake of October 27, 1985: Surface ruptures and aftershock study, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 85(4): 451-460. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., and A. Udías, 1991, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Gulf of Cádiz, south Spain and Alboran Sea, pp. 29-40 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., J. Mézcua and A. Udías, 1988a, Mecanismo focal del terremoto del cabo de San Vicente de 20 de octubre 1986, Revista Geofísica, 44(1): 109-112. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., A. Udías and J. Mézcua, 1988c, Seismicity and focal mechanisms in south Spain, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 78(6): 2008-2024. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Cipar, J., 1980, Teleseismic observations of the 1976 Friuli, Italy earthquake sequence, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(4): 963-983. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Cisternas, A., J. Dorel and R. Gaulong, 1982, Models of the complex source of the El Asnam earthquake, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72: 2245-2266. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Coca, P., and E. Buforn, 1994, Mecanismos focales en el sur de España; periodo 1965-1985, Estudios Geologicos, 50(1-2): 33-45. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Deschamps, A., Y. Gaudemer and A. Cisternas, 1982, The El Asnam, Algeria, earthquake of 10 October 1980: Multiple-source mechanism determined from long-period records, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(4): 1111-1128. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1988, Source mechanisms of four recent earthquakes along the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 92(3): 391-401. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Hatzfeld, D., 1978, Étude sismotectonique de la zone de collision Ibéro-Maghrébian, State Thesis, Grenoble, 281. (Cited in Medina, 1995, and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) IGN Data File (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995 and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998. IGN = Inst. Geogr. Nacional, Madrid, Spain.) ISC Jackson, J., and D. McKenzie, 1988, The relationship between plate motions and seismic moment tensors, and the rates of active deformation in the Mediterranean and Middle East, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 93(1): 45-73. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Jiménez, E., 1991, Focal mechanisms of some European earthquakes from the analysis of single station long-periods records, pp. 87-96 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Liotier, Y., 1989, Modelisation des ondes de volume ses seismes de larc Egeen. Formation de 3e Cycle, UFR de Mechanique, Univ. Joseph Fourier de Grenoble 1. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1992, Mécanismes au foyer des séismes du Maroc et des régions voisines (1959-1986): Conséquences tectoniques, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 85(2): 433-457. (Cited in Medina, 1995.) Moreira, V.S., 1991, Historical seismicity and seismotectonics of the area situated between the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco, Selvanges and Azores Islands, Seismicity, pp. 213-225 in Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Ouyed, M., M. Meghraoui, A. Cisternas, A. Deschamp, J. Dorel, J. Frechet, R. Raulon, D. Hatzfeld and H. Philip, 1981, Seismotectonics of the El Asnam earthquake, Nature, 292(5818): 26-31. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, B.C., A. Kiratzi, B. Karacostas, D. Panagiotopoulos, E. Scordilis, and D. Mountrakis, 1988, Surface fault traces, fault plane solution and spatial distribution of the aftershocks of the September 13, 1986 earthquake of Kalamata (southern Greece), Pure and Applied Geophysics, 126(1): 55-68. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, C., A.A. Kiratzi, and B.C. Papazachos, 1992, Rates of active crustal deformation in the Aegean and the surrounding area, Joural of Geodynamics, 16(3): 147-179. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Ritsema, A., 1974, The earthquake mechanisms of the Balkan region, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Sct. Report., 74-4. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Rueda, J., J. Mézcua, E. Buforn and J. Galán, 1992, Estudio del terremoto de 13 de Septiembre de 1984 en la Sierra de Alhamilla y su serie de réplicas, Revista Geofísica, 48(1): 87-95. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Shirokova, E., 1972, Stress pattern and probable motion in the earthquake foci of the Asia-Mediterranean seismic belt, in L.M. Balakina et al. (editors), Elastic Strain Field of the Earth and Mechanisms of Earthquake Sources. (Seismology 8.) Nauka, Moscow. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Shirokova, Y.I., 1967, Obshchiye zamonomernosti v oriyentatsii glavnykh napryazheniy v ochagkh zemletryaseniy srednezemnomorsko - aziatskogo seysmicheskogo poyasa, Akad. nauk sssr izv. fizika semli, 1: 22-36. (Cited in Meghraoui et al., 1986.) Udías, A. López-Arroyo and J. Mezcua, 1976, Seismotectonics of the Azores-Alboran region, Tectonophysics, 31: 259-289. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Vidal, F., 1986, Sismotectónica de la región Béticas-Mar de Alborán, 450. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Westaway, Rob, 1987, The Campania, southern Italy, earthquakes of 1962 August 21, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 88(1): 1-24. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Notes Time_Period_of_Content Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 1908 Ending_Date: present Currentness_Reference Time_Period_of_Content is the range of earthquake dates included in the coverage. Status Progress: published on web Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency None planned. Spatial_Domain Bounding_Coordinates West_Bounding_Coordinate: -35.90000173 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 74.44000213 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.36000115 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.11999994

Keywords Theme Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Place Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Middle East and North Africa Stratum Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Temporal Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword:

Access_Constraints Contains copyrighted data. Use_Constraints Most data are from copyrighted publications. Point_of_Contact: See Distribution_Information for contact information.

Data_Set_Credit Security_Information Security_Classification_System: None Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Security_Handling_Description: None

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Cross_Reference Originator: Publication_Date: Publication_Time: Title: Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Series_Information Series_Name: Issue_Identification: Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation:


Data_Quality_Information

Attribute_Accuracy Attribute_Accuracy_Report: See Entity_Attribute_Information

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment Attribute_Accuracy_Value: See Explanation Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Point features present.

Completeness_Report Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference. Lineage: See Supplemental_Information for overview.

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Entity_and_Attribute_Information

Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: FOCMECS_MENA.PAT Entity_Type_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Entity_Type_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute: Attribute_Label: - Attribute_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Attribute_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: - Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Degenerate area of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Degenerate perimeter of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA# Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Computed Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sequential unique positive integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA-ID Attribute_Definition: User-assigned feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: User-defined Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_RAKE Attribute_Definition: dip and rake rounded to nearest ten degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: calculated from published dip and rake by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2-digit number, underscore, +/- 3-digit Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SYMBOL Attribute_Definition: symbol number for appropriate focal mechanism symbol Attribute_Definition_Source: assigned by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: longitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: latitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE Attribute_Definition: month, day, year Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: format is MM/DD/YY or M/D/YY Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: HOUR Attribute_Definition: hour time of event Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 - 23 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MIN Attribute_Definition: minute of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0-59 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SEC Attribute_Definition: second of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0.0 to 59.9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SECCOR Attribute_Definition: centroid time from the inversion measured from origin time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LAT Attribute_Definition: latitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LON Attribute_Definition: longitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CODE Attribute_Definition: source of epicenter information Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: MLI, PDE, ISC Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEPTH Attribute_Definition: depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE Attribute_Definition: strike for best double couple (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of strike Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP Attribute_Definition: dip for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 1 to 90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of dip Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE Attribute_Definition: rake for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P-T axes or nodal planes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integers -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: 1)standard deviation of rake OR 2)amount by which planes differ from orthogonal Attribute_Definition_Source: 1) published paper 2) Cornell GIS group (if calc. from PT or nodal planes) Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLIP_VEC Attribute_Definition: azimuth of slip vector relative to North Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-360 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE2 Attribute_Definition: strike of second nodal plane (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP2 Attribute_Definition: dip of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE2 Attribute_Definition: rake of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL1 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE1 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEA Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL2 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE2 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEB Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL3 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE3 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEC Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: T_MOMENT Attribute_Definition: scalar moment, to be multiplied by 10^EXPONENT Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EXPONENT Attribute_Definition: exponent of all moment values Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR Attribute_Definition: first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS Attribute_Definition: second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE Attribute_Definition: third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS Attribute_Definition: fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE Attribute_Definition: fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE Attribute_Definition: sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MB Attribute_Definition: body wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MS Attribute_Definition: surface wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MW Attribute_Definition: moment magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ML Attribute_Definition: local magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAG_GEN Attribute_Definition: earthquake magnitude (may be body wave, surface wave, moment, or local) Attribute_Definition_Source: selected from published magnitude types by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_STA Attribute_Definition: number of stations used to model focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_PWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of P-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_SWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of S-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ICUT Attribute_Definition: body-wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWSTA Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave stations used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWREC Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave records used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MICUT Attribute_Definition: mantle wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT Attribute_Definition: centroid latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON Attribute_Definition: centroid longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH Attribute_Definition: centroid depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid depth Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: METHOD Attribute_Definition: method of determining focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: first motions, body wave inversion Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AUTHOR Attribute_Definition: first initial and author of published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: not representable as a preset list Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: REFERENCE Attribute_Definition: abbreviated reference information of original published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: journal name, year, volume: pages Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS1 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS2 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: X-COORD Attribute_Definition: longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y-COORD Attribute_Definition: latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -90 to +90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Overview_Description Entity_and_Attribute_Overview Earthquake location, magnitude, depth, time, strike, dip, and rake, are attributes. Note that RAKE_ERR may be the original authors calculated standard error in rake, or may be the Cornell-determined deviation from nodal plane orthogonality. The latter case is so noted in COMMENTS1 or COMMENTS2. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Not Available


Distribution_Information


Metadata_Reference_Section

Metadata_Date: 19990223 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Muawia Barazangi Contact_Organization: Cornell University / INSTOC Contact_Position: Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: City: State_or_Province Postal_Code: Country: Contact_Voice_Telephone: (607)255-6411 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (607)254-4780 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: barazangi@geology.cornell.edu Hours_of_Service: 8:00 - 17:00 Eastern time Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Last modified: 99-03-08.10:54:33.Mon

Metadata for Middle East and North Africa Focal Mechanisms

Table of Contents

Identification_Information
     Abstract 
     Purpose 
     Supplemental Information 
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
     Detailed Description
     Overview 
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Section


Identification_Information

Citation_Information Originator: Cornell University GIS Group Publication_Date: 1999 Title: MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Cornell University /INSTOC Other_Citation_Details: compiled from published papers Online_Linkage: http://www.atlas.geo.cornell.edu

Description Abstract The dataset contains location, time, and focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in the North Africa and the Middle East. Solutions are included either because they differ from the CMT solution or because the earthquake predates Harvard CMT analysis (i.e., before 1977) or has a magnitude too small to apply CMT analysis (i.e., < 5.5). Purpose Supplemental_Information Procedures_Used Many researchers have calculated focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in North Africa and the Middle East, using first motions or body wave inversion. Focal mechanism solutions were assembled by the Cornell GIS group from published papers, graduate theses, and personal communications. Those with the P- and T-axes only, or strike and dip only of the two nodal planes, were converted to strike, dip, rake at Cornell using the Fortran program of John Gephart (personal communication). This program also calculates the number of degrees by which the nodal planes differ from orthogonality; this datum became the RAKE_ERR item. All data sets were put into a standard format and combined to make an Arc Info coverage. Revisions Reviews_Applied_to_Data Most solutions have been published (see references). When several sources analyze the same earthquake, the best solution (usually the most recent) was selected. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets References_Cited Cornell University GIS Group, 1998, MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms (= this ArcInfo coverage), , New York: Cornell University GIS group. http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu References Part I: We have copies of these papers on file. Abdel Fattah, Aki K., Hesham M. Hussein, Ezzeldien M. Ibrahim, and Ahmad S. Abu El Atta, 1997, Fault plane solutions of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes and their tectonic implications, Annali di Geofisica, 40(6): 1555-1564. Alptekin, Omer, 1973, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in western Turkey and their tectonic implications, PhD thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Anderson, Helen, and James Jackson, 1987, Active tectonics of the Adriatic Region, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 91(3): 937-983. Arieh, E., Y. Rotstein, and U. Peled, 1982, The Dead Sea earthquake of 23 April 1979, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(5): 1627-1634. Baker, Calum, James Jackson, and Keith Priestley, 1993, Earthquakes on the Kazerun Line in the Zagros Mountains of Iran: strike-slip faulting within a fold-and-thrust belt, Geophysical Journal International, 115(1): 41-61. Baker, Calum, Denis Hatzfeld, Helene Lyon-Caen, Elephteria Papadimitriou, and Alexis Rigo, 1997, Earthquake mechanisms of the Adriatic Sea and western Greece: Implications for the oceanic subduction-continental collision transition, Geophysical Journal International, 131(3): 559-594. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, and S. Arshadi, 1979a, Surface rupture and mechanism of the Bob-Tangol (southeastern Iran) earthquake of 19 December 1977, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 42(3): 456-462. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, R.G. Bilham, C.H. Scholz, and C. Soufleris, 1979b, Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 69(6): 1851-1859. Berberian, M., J.A. Jackson, M. Ghorashi, and M.H. Kadjar, 1984, Field and teleseismic observations of the 1981 Golbaf-Sirch earthquakes in SE Iran, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(3): 809-838. Berberian, M., M. Qorashi, J.A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and T. Wallace, 1992, The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NW Persia: Preliminary field and seismological observations, and its tectonic significance, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(4): 1726-1755. Buforn, E., C. Sanz de Galdeano and A. Udías, 1995, Seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Tectonophysics, 248(3-4): 247-261. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and R. Madariaga, 1991, Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 136(4): 375-393. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and M.A. Colombas, 1988, Seismicity, source mechanisms and tectonics of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Tectonophysics 152(1-2): 89-118. Byrne, Daniel E. and Lynn R. Sykes, 1992, Great thrust earthquakes and aseismic slip along the plate boundary of the Makran subduction zone, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(1): 449-478. Canitez, Nezihi and S. Balamir Ucer, 1967, Computer determinations for the fault-plane solutions in and near Anatolia, Tectonophysics, 4(3): 235-244. Canitez, N. and M.N. Toksoz, 1971, Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body and surface wave data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 61(5): 1369-1379. 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Girardin, N., D. Hatzfeld and R. Guiraud, 1978, La sismicité du nord de lAlgerie, Comptes Rendus sommaire du Société Géologique de France, 19, supplement 2: 95-100. Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1986, The Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary: Focal mechanisms, depths of earthquakes, and their tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research 91(2): 2029-2047. Gueddiche, M., H. Harjono, N. B. Ayed, M. Hfaiedh, M. Diament and J. Dubois, 1992, Analyse de la séismicité et mise en évidence daccidents actifs dans le nord de la Tunisie, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 163(4): 415-425. Hatzfeld, D., D. Kementzetzidou, V. Karakostas, M. Ziazia, S. Nothard, D. Diagourtas, A. Deschamps, G. Karakaisis, P. Papadimitriou, M. Scordilis, R. Smith, N. Voulgaris, S. Kiratzi, K. Makropoulos, M.P. Bouin, and P. Bernard., 1996, The Galaxidi earthquake of 18 November 1992: A possible asperity within the normal fault system of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6): 1987-1991. Hofstetter, A., T. van Eck, and A. Shapira, 1996, Seismic activity along fault branches of the Dead Sea-Jordan Transform System: The Carmel-Tirtza fault system, Tectonophysics, 267(1-4): 317-330. Jackson, James, and Dan McKenzie, 1984, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan Belt between western Turkey and Pakistan, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(1): 185-264. Jackson, James, and Graham Yielding, 1983, The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 91(1-2): 15-28. Jackson, J.A., J. Gagnepain, G. Houseman, G.C.P. King, P. Papadimitriou, C. Soufleris, and J. Virieux, 1982, Seismicity, normal faulting, and the geomorphological development of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece): the Corinth earthquakes of February and March 1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 57(2): 377-397. Jacob, Klaus H., and Richard L. Quittmeyer, 1979, The Makran region of Pakistan and Iran: Trench-arc system with active plate subduction, in Abul Farah and Kees A. DeJong, editors, Geodynamics of Pakistan, Quetta: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 1979. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1989, Estimation of earthquake source parameters of the May 4, 1972 event of the Hellenic Arc by the inversion of waveform data, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 57(3-4): 225-232. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1991(a), Moment tensor inversion of the 1983 January 17 Kefallinia event of Ionian Islands (Greece), Geophysical Journal International, 105(2): 529-535. Kiratzi, Anastasia, Gregory Wagner, and Charles Langston, 1991(b), Source parameters of some large earthquakes in northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 135(4): 515-527. Kiratzi, Anastasia A. and Constantinos B. Papazachos, 1995, Active crustal deformation from the Azores triple junction to the Middle East, Tectonophysics, 243(1-2): 1-24. Kristy, M.J., L.J. Burdick, and D.W. Simpson, 1980, The focal mechanisms of the Gazli, USSR, earthquakes, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(5): 1737-1750. Laane, Janet L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1989, The Makran earthquake of 1983 April 18: A possible analogue to the Puget Sound earthquake of 1965?, Geophysical Journal International, 98(1): 1-9. Lyon-Caen, H., R. Armijo, J. Drakopoulos, J. Baskoutass, N. Delibassis, R. Gaulon, V. Kouskouna, J. Latoussakis, K. Makropoulos, P. Papadimitriou, D. Papanastassiou, and G. Pedotti, 1988, he 1986 Kalamata (South Pelopennesus) earthquake: Detailed study of a normal fault, evidences for east-west extension in the Hellenic Arc, Journal of Geophysical Research, 93: 14967-15000. McKenzie, Dan, 1978, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55(1): 217-254. McKenzie, Dan, 1972, Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region, Royal Astronomical Society, Geophysical Journal, 30(2): 109-185. McKenzie, D.P., P. Davies, and P. Molnar, 1970, Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa, Nature, 226(5242): 243-248. Medina, Fida, 1995, Present-day state of stress in northern Morocco from focal mechanism analysis, Journal of Structural Geology, 17(7): 1035-1046. Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1991, Focal mechanisms of the Atlas earthquakes, and tectonic implications, Geoligische Rundschau, 80: 639-648. Meghraoui, M., A. Cisternas and H. Philip, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Lower Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) earthquake, Tectonics, 5(6): 809-836. Mezcua, J. and J. Rueda, 1997, Seismological evidence for a delamination process in the lithosphere under the Alboran Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): F1-F8. Nabelek, John, 1984, Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Inversion of Body Waves, PhD thesis, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ni, James, and , 1986, Seismotectonics of the Zagros continental collision zone and a comparison with the Himalayas, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(8): 8205-8218. Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino de Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. Pinar, Ali, and Niyazi Turkelli, 1997, Source inversion of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 283(1-4): 279-288. Pinar, Ali, 1998, Source inversion of the October 1, 1995, Dinar earthquake (Ms = 6.1): A rupture model with implications for seismotectonics in SW Turkey, Tectonophysics, 292(3-4): 255-266. Priestley, Keith, Calum Baker, and James Jackson, 1994, Implications of earthquake focal mechanism data for the active tectonics of the south Caspian Basin and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal International, 118(1): 111-141. Quittmeyer, Richard C. and Alan L. Kafka, 1984, Constraints on plate motions in southern Pakistan and the northern Arabian Sea from the focal mechanisms of small earthquakes, Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(4): 2444-2458. Saikia, C.K., H.K. Thio, B.B. Woods, X. Song, L. Zhu, and D.V. Helmberger, 1996, Path calibration, source estimation and regional discrimination for the Middle East and western Mediterranean, Woodward-Clyde Federal Services report PL-TR-96-2307 for Phillips Laboratory, Directorate of Geophysics, Air Force Materiel Command, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Sipkin, Stuart A., 1986, Interpretation of non-double-couple earthquake mechanisms derived from moment tensor inversion, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(1): 531-547. Stewart, Gordon S. and Hiroo Kanamori, 1982, Complexity of rupture in large strike-slip earthquakes in Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 28(1): 70-84. Suleiman, Abdunnur S. and Diane I. Doser, 1995, The seismicity, seismotectonics and earthquake hazards of Libya, with detailed analysis of the 1935 April 19, M = 7.1 earthquake sequence, Geophysical Journal International, 120(2): 312-322. Tadili, B.A., and M. Ramdani, 1986, La sismicité du Moyen Atlas, Gerlands Beitrift fur Geophysik, 95(6): 469-476. Taymaz, T., J. Jackson, and R. Westaway, 1990, Earthquake mechanisms in the Hellenic Trench near Crete, Geophysical Journal International, 102(3): 695-731. Taymaz, Tuncay, Haluk Eyidogan, and James Jackson, 1991(a), Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey), Geophysical Journal International, 106(3): 537-550. Taymaz, Tuncay, James Jackson, and Dan McKenzie, 1991(b), Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 106(2): 433-490. Taymaz, Tuncay and Simon Price, 1992, The 1971 May 12 Burdur earthquake sequence, SW Turkey: A synthesis of seismological and geological observations, Geophysical Journal International, 108(2): 589-603. Taymaz, Tuncay, 1993, The source parameters of the Cubukdag (W. Turkey) earthquake of 1986 October 11, Geophysical Journal International, 113(1): 260-267. Thio, Hong Kie, Xi Song, Chandan K. Saikia, Donald V. Helmberger, and Bradley B. Woods, 1999, Seismic source and structure estimation in the western Mediterranean using a sparse broadband network, Journal of Geophysical Research, 104: 845-861. Toksoz, M. Nafi, John Nabelek, and Esen Arpat, 1978, Source properties of the 1976 earthquake in east Turkey: A comparison of field data and teleseismic results, Tectonophysics, 49(3-4): 199-205. Triep, E.G., G.A. Abers, A.L. Lerner-Lam, V. Mishatkin, N. Zakharchenko, and O. Starovoit, 1995, Active thrust front of the Greater Caucasus: The April 29, 1991, Racha earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(3): 4011-4033. van Eck, Torild, and Abraham Hofstetter, 1990, Fault geometry and spatial clustering of microearthquakes along the Dead Sea-Jordan rift fault zone, Tectonophysics, 180(1): 15-27. Westaway, Rob, 1990, The Tripoli, Libya, earthquake of September 4, 1974: Implications for the Active tectonics of the central Mediterranean, Tectonics, 9(2): 231-248. Yielding, G., M. Ouyed, G.C.P. King, and D. Hatzfeld, 1989, Active tectonics of the Algerian Atlas Mountains--evidence from aftershocks of the 1980 El Asnam earthquake, Geophysical Journal International, 99(3): 761-788. Zhang, Jiajun, 1998, Inversion of surface wave spectra for source parameters of large earthquakes using aspherical earth models, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 107(4): 327-350. References Part II: We have events from these papers, but not the papers on file (because we took the data from another paper which cited the original). In the coverage, the original author and paper are listed as AUTHOR and REFERENCE attributes, respectively, and the citing paper that we actually have is mentioned in COMMENTS. Bounif, A., H. Haessler and M. Meghraoui, 1987, The Constantine (northeast Algeria) earthquake of October 27, 1985: Surface ruptures and aftershock study, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 85(4): 451-460. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., and A. Udías, 1991, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Gulf of Cádiz, south Spain and Alboran Sea, pp. 29-40 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., J. Mézcua and A. Udías, 1988a, Mecanismo focal del terremoto del cabo de San Vicente de 20 de octubre 1986, Revista Geofísica, 44(1): 109-112. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., A. Udías and J. Mézcua, 1988c, Seismicity and focal mechanisms in south Spain, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 78(6): 2008-2024. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Cipar, J., 1980, Teleseismic observations of the 1976 Friuli, Italy earthquake sequence, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(4): 963-983. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Cisternas, A., J. Dorel and R. Gaulong, 1982, Models of the complex source of the El Asnam earthquake, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72: 2245-2266. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Coca, P., and E. Buforn, 1994, Mecanismos focales en el sur de España; periodo 1965-1985, Estudios Geologicos, 50(1-2): 33-45. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Deschamps, A., Y. Gaudemer and A. Cisternas, 1982, The El Asnam, Algeria, earthquake of 10 October 1980: Multiple-source mechanism determined from long-period records, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(4): 1111-1128. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1988, Source mechanisms of four recent earthquakes along the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 92(3): 391-401. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Hatzfeld, D., 1978, Étude sismotectonique de la zone de collision Ibéro-Maghrébian, State Thesis, Grenoble, 281. (Cited in Medina, 1995, and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) IGN Data File (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995 and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998. IGN = Inst. Geogr. Nacional, Madrid, Spain.) ISC Jackson, J., and D. McKenzie, 1988, The relationship between plate motions and seismic moment tensors, and the rates of active deformation in the Mediterranean and Middle East, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 93(1): 45-73. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Jiménez, E., 1991, Focal mechanisms of some European earthquakes from the analysis of single station long-periods records, pp. 87-96 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Liotier, Y., 1989, Modelisation des ondes de volume ses seismes de larc Egeen. Formation de 3e Cycle, UFR de Mechanique, Univ. Joseph Fourier de Grenoble 1. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1992, Mécanismes au foyer des séismes du Maroc et des régions voisines (1959-1986): Conséquences tectoniques, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 85(2): 433-457. (Cited in Medina, 1995.) Moreira, V.S., 1991, Historical seismicity and seismotectonics of the area situated between the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco, Selvanges and Azores Islands, Seismicity, pp. 213-225 in Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Ouyed, M., M. Meghraoui, A. Cisternas, A. Deschamp, J. Dorel, J. Frechet, R. Raulon, D. Hatzfeld and H. Philip, 1981, Seismotectonics of the El Asnam earthquake, Nature, 292(5818): 26-31. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, B.C., A. Kiratzi, B. Karacostas, D. Panagiotopoulos, E. Scordilis, and D. Mountrakis, 1988, Surface fault traces, fault plane solution and spatial distribution of the aftershocks of the September 13, 1986 earthquake of Kalamata (southern Greece), Pure and Applied Geophysics, 126(1): 55-68. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, C., A.A. Kiratzi, and B.C. Papazachos, 1992, Rates of active crustal deformation in the Aegean and the surrounding area, Joural of Geodynamics, 16(3): 147-179. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Ritsema, A., 1974, The earthquake mechanisms of the Balkan region, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Sct. Report., 74-4. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Rueda, J., J. Mézcua, E. Buforn and J. Galán, 1992, Estudio del terremoto de 13 de Septiembre de 1984 en la Sierra de Alhamilla y su serie de réplicas, Revista Geofísica, 48(1): 87-95. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Shirokova, E., 1972, Stress pattern and probable motion in the earthquake foci of the Asia-Mediterranean seismic belt, in L.M. Balakina et al. (editors), Elastic Strain Field of the Earth and Mechanisms of Earthquake Sources. (Seismology 8.) Nauka, Moscow. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Shirokova, Y.I., 1967, Obshchiye zamonomernosti v oriyentatsii glavnykh napryazheniy v ochagkh zemletryaseniy srednezemnomorsko - aziatskogo seysmicheskogo poyasa, Akad. nauk sssr izv. fizika semli, 1: 22-36. (Cited in Meghraoui et al., 1986.) Udías, A. López-Arroyo and J. Mezcua, 1976, Seismotectonics of the Azores-Alboran region, Tectonophysics, 31: 259-289. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Vidal, F., 1986, Sismotectónica de la región Béticas-Mar de Alborán, 450. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Westaway, Rob, 1987, The Campania, southern Italy, earthquakes of 1962 August 21, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 88(1): 1-24. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Notes Time_Period_of_Content Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 1908 Ending_Date: present Currentness_Reference Time_Period_of_Content is the range of earthquake dates included in the coverage. Status Progress: published on web Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency None planned. Spatial_Domain Bounding_Coordinates West_Bounding_Coordinate: -35.90000173 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 74.44000213 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.36000115 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.11999994

Keywords Theme Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Place Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Middle East and North Africa Stratum Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Temporal Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword:

Access_Constraints Contains copyrighted data. Use_Constraints Most data are from copyrighted publications. Point_of_Contact: See Distribution_Information for contact information.

Data_Set_Credit Security_Information Security_Classification_System: None Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Security_Handling_Description: None

Native_Data_Set_Environment: SunOS UNIX, ARC/INFO version 7.2.1

Cross_Reference Originator: Publication_Date: Publication_Time: Title: Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Series_Information Series_Name: Issue_Identification: Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation:


Data_Quality_Information

Attribute_Accuracy Attribute_Accuracy_Report: See Entity_Attribute_Information

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment Attribute_Accuracy_Value: See Explanation Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Point features present.

Completeness_Report Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference. Lineage: See Supplemental_Information for overview.

Process_Steps Process_Step Process_Description: CORGREN APPEND ALL_022299 POINTS ALL Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990222 Process_Time: 1702 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: CORGREN COPY /IDC3/ORGREN/FOCMEC_DATABASE/COVERS/ALL_022299 FOCMECS_MENA Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990222 Process_Time: 1703 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: CORGREN DOCUMENT FOCMECS_MENA COPY /IDC3/ORGREN/FOCMEC_DATABASE/COVERS/ALPTE Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990223 Process_Time: 1340 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER PROJECT COVER FOCMECS_MENA /DATA/WEB/PAGES/EARTHMAP/CORNELLDATA/MENA_FOC Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1439 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER BUILD MENA_FOC POINT Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1439 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER RENAME MENA_FOC MENA_FOCEQ Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1440 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER ADDXY MENA_FOCEQ POINT Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1616 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None

Cloud_Cover


Spatial_Data_Organization_Information

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information SDTS_Terms_Description SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 819 SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 0 SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains' Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 0


Spatial_Reference_Information

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition
    Planar
        Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name:  EQUIRECTANGULAR
        Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 0
        Semi-major_Axis: 6370997.00000
        False_Easting:  30
        False_Northing:  0.00000
    Geodetic Model
        Horizontal_Datum_Name:  NONE
        Ellipsoid_Name:  Clarke 1866
        Semi-major_Axis: 6,378,206.4
        Denominator_of_Flattening: 294.98


Entity_and_Attribute_Information

Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: FOCMECS_MENA.PAT Entity_Type_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Entity_Type_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute: Attribute_Label: - Attribute_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Attribute_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: - Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Degenerate area of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Degenerate perimeter of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA# Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Computed Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sequential unique positive integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA-ID Attribute_Definition: User-assigned feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: User-defined Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_RAKE Attribute_Definition: dip and rake rounded to nearest ten degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: calculated from published dip and rake by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2-digit number, underscore, +/- 3-digit Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SYMBOL Attribute_Definition: symbol number for appropriate focal mechanism symbol Attribute_Definition_Source: assigned by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: longitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: latitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE Attribute_Definition: month, day, year Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: format is MM/DD/YY or M/D/YY Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: HOUR Attribute_Definition: hour time of event Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 - 23 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MIN Attribute_Definition: minute of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0-59 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SEC Attribute_Definition: second of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0.0 to 59.9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SECCOR Attribute_Definition: centroid time from the inversion measured from origin time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LAT Attribute_Definition: latitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LON Attribute_Definition: longitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CODE Attribute_Definition: source of epicenter information Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: MLI, PDE, ISC Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEPTH Attribute_Definition: depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE Attribute_Definition: strike for best double couple (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of strike Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP Attribute_Definition: dip for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 1 to 90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of dip Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE Attribute_Definition: rake for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P-T axes or nodal planes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integers -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: 1)standard deviation of rake OR 2)amount by which planes differ from orthogonal Attribute_Definition_Source: 1) published paper 2) Cornell GIS group (if calc. from PT or nodal planes) Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLIP_VEC Attribute_Definition: azimuth of slip vector relative to North Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-360 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE2 Attribute_Definition: strike of second nodal plane (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP2 Attribute_Definition: dip of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE2 Attribute_Definition: rake of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL1 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE1 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEA Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL2 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE2 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEB Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL3 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE3 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEC Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: T_MOMENT Attribute_Definition: scalar moment, to be multiplied by 10^EXPONENT Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EXPONENT Attribute_Definition: exponent of all moment values Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR Attribute_Definition: first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS Attribute_Definition: second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE Attribute_Definition: third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS Attribute_Definition: fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE Attribute_Definition: fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE Attribute_Definition: sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MB Attribute_Definition: body wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MS Attribute_Definition: surface wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MW Attribute_Definition: moment magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ML Attribute_Definition: local magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAG_GEN Attribute_Definition: earthquake magnitude (may be body wave, surface wave, moment, or local) Attribute_Definition_Source: selected from published magnitude types by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_STA Attribute_Definition: number of stations used to model focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_PWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of P-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_SWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of S-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ICUT Attribute_Definition: body-wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWSTA Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave stations used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWREC Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave records used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MICUT Attribute_Definition: mantle wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT Attribute_Definition: centroid latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON Attribute_Definition: centroid longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH Attribute_Definition: centroid depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid depth Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: METHOD Attribute_Definition: method of determining focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: first motions, body wave inversion Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AUTHOR Attribute_Definition: first initial and author of published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: not representable as a preset list Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: REFERENCE Attribute_Definition: abbreviated reference information of original published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: journal name, year, volume: pages Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS1 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS2 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: X-COORD Attribute_Definition: longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y-COORD Attribute_Definition: latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -90 to +90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Overview_Description Entity_and_Attribute_Overview Earthquake location, magnitude, depth, time, strike, dip, and rake, are attributes. Note that RAKE_ERR may be the original authors calculated standard error in rake, or may be the Cornell-determined deviation from nodal plane orthogonality. The latter case is so noted in COMMENTS1 or COMMENTS2. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Not Available


Distribution_Information


Metadata_Reference_Section

Metadata_Date: 19990223 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Contact_Organization: Contact_Position: Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: City: State_or_Province Postal_Code: Country: Contact_Voice_Telephone: Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Hours_of_Service: 8:00 - 17:00 Eastern time Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Last modified: 99-03-08.10:54:33.Mon

Metadata for Middle East and North Africa Focal Mechanisms

Table of Contents

Identification_Information
     Abstract 
     Purpose 
     Supplemental Information 
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
     Detailed Description
     Overview 
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Section


Identification_Information

Citation_Information Originator: Cornell University GIS Group Publication_Date: 1999 Title: MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Cornell University /INSTOC Other_Citation_Details: compiled from published papers Online_Linkage: http://www.atlas.geo.cornell.edu

Description Abstract The dataset contains location, time, and focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in the North Africa and the Middle East. Solutions are included either because they differ from the CMT solution or because the earthquake predates Harvard CMT analysis (i.e., before 1977) or has a magnitude too small to apply CMT analysis (i.e., < 5.5). Purpose Supplemental_Information Procedures_Used Many researchers have calculated focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in North Africa and the Middle East, using first motions or body wave inversion. Focal mechanism solutions were assembled by the Cornell GIS group from published papers, graduate theses, and personal communications. Those with the P- and T-axes only, or strike and dip only of the two nodal planes, were converted to strike, dip, rake at Cornell using the Fortran program of John Gephart (personal communication). This program also calculates the number of degrees by which the nodal planes differ from orthogonality; this datum became the RAKE_ERR item. All data sets were put into a standard format and combined to make an Arc Info coverage. Revisions Reviews_Applied_to_Data Most solutions have been published (see references). When several sources analyze the same earthquake, the best solution (usually the most recent) was selected. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets References_Cited Cornell University GIS Group, 1998, MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms (= this ArcInfo coverage), Ithaca, New York: Cornell University GIS group. http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu References Part I: We have copies of these papers on file. Abdel Fattah, Aki K., Hesham M. Hussein, Ezzeldien M. Ibrahim, and Ahmad S. Abu El Atta, 1997, Fault plane solutions of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes and their tectonic implications, Annali di Geofisica, 40(6): 1555-1564. Alptekin, Omer, 1973, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in western Turkey and their tectonic implications, PhD thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Anderson, Helen, and James Jackson, 1987, Active tectonics of the Adriatic Region, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 91(3): 937-983. Arieh, E., Y. Rotstein, and U. Peled, 1982, The Dead Sea earthquake of 23 April 1979, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(5): 1627-1634. Baker, Calum, James Jackson, and Keith Priestley, 1993, Earthquakes on the Kazerun Line in the Zagros Mountains of Iran: strike-slip faulting within a fold-and-thrust belt, Geophysical Journal International, 115(1): 41-61. Baker, Calum, Denis Hatzfeld, Helene Lyon-Caen, Elephteria Papadimitriou, and Alexis Rigo, 1997, Earthquake mechanisms of the Adriatic Sea and western Greece: Implications for the oceanic subduction-continental collision transition, Geophysical Journal International, 131(3): 559-594. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, and S. Arshadi, 1979a, Surface rupture and mechanism of the Bob-Tangol (southeastern Iran) earthquake of 19 December 1977, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 42(3): 456-462. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, R.G. Bilham, C.H. Scholz, and C. Soufleris, 1979b, Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 69(6): 1851-1859. Berberian, M., J.A. Jackson, M. Ghorashi, and M.H. Kadjar, 1984, Field and teleseismic observations of the 1981 Golbaf-Sirch earthquakes in SE Iran, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(3): 809-838. Berberian, M., M. Qorashi, J.A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and T. Wallace, 1992, The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NW Persia: Preliminary field and seismological observations, and its tectonic significance, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(4): 1726-1755. Buforn, E., C. Sanz de Galdeano and A. Udías, 1995, Seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Tectonophysics, 248(3-4): 247-261. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and R. Madariaga, 1991, Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 136(4): 375-393. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and M.A. Colombas, 1988, Seismicity, source mechanisms and tectonics of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Tectonophysics 152(1-2): 89-118. Byrne, Daniel E. and Lynn R. Sykes, 1992, Great thrust earthquakes and aseismic slip along the plate boundary of the Makran subduction zone, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(1): 449-478. Canitez, Nezihi and S. Balamir Ucer, 1967, Computer determinations for the fault-plane solutions in and near Anatolia, Tectonophysics, 4(3): 235-244. Canitez, N. and M.N. Toksoz, 1971, Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body and surface wave data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 61(5): 1369-1379. Chaimov, Thomas A. and , 1990, Crustal shortening in the Palmyride Fold Belt, Syria, and implications for movement along the Dead Sea fault system, Tectonics, 9(6): 1369-1386. Chandra, Umesh, 1984, Focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in Iran, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 34(1): 9-16. Comninakis, E., and C. Papazachos, 1972, Seismicity of the eastern Mediterranean and some tectonic features of the Mediterranean Ridge, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83(4): 1093-1102. Dlala, M., and M. Hfaiedh, 1993, Le seisme du 7 novembre 1989 a Metlaoui (Tunisie meriodonale): Une tectonique active en compression, Comptes Rendus de lAcademie des Sciences, Serie 2, 317(10): 1297-1302. El Alami, S.O., F. Medina and H. Jebli, 1992, Etude du seisme dAgadir du 5 avril 1992, GAIA, 5: 1-5. Eyidogan, Haluk and James Jackson, 1985, A seismological study of normal faulting in the Demirci, Alasehir and Gediz earthquakes of 1969-70 in western Turkey: Implications for the nature and geometry of deformation in the continental crust, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 81(3): 569-607. Fahmi, Khalid J., Mazin A.H. Al Salim, and Basil S. Ayar, 1986, Recent earthquake activity in the Lesser Zab region of northeastern Iraq, Tectonophysics, 131(1-2): 89-111. Frogneux, M., 1980, La sismicité marocaine de 1972 á 1978: Etude des parametres a la source des séismes proches, PhD thesis, Grenoble, France: Univ. Grenoble, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne, 131 pp. Fuenzalida, H., L. Dorbath, A. Cisternas, H. Eyidogan, A. Barka, L. Rivera, H. Haessler, H. Philip, and N. Lyberis, 1997, Mechanism of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake and its aftershocks, tectonics of the Erzincan Basin and decoupling on the North Anatolian Fault, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): 1-28. Girardin, N., D. Hatzfeld and R. Guiraud, 1978, La sismicité du nord de lAlgerie, Comptes Rendus sommaire du Société Géologique de France, 19, supplement 2: 95-100. Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1986, The Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary: Focal mechanisms, depths of earthquakes, and their tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research 91(2): 2029-2047. Gueddiche, M., H. Harjono, N. B. Ayed, M. Hfaiedh, M. Diament and J. Dubois, 1992, Analyse de la séismicité et mise en évidence daccidents actifs dans le nord de la Tunisie, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 163(4): 415-425. Hatzfeld, D., D. Kementzetzidou, V. Karakostas, M. Ziazia, S. Nothard, D. Diagourtas, A. Deschamps, G. Karakaisis, P. Papadimitriou, M. Scordilis, R. Smith, N. Voulgaris, S. Kiratzi, K. Makropoulos, M.P. Bouin, and P. Bernard., 1996, The Galaxidi earthquake of 18 November 1992: A possible asperity within the normal fault system of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6): 1987-1991. Hofstetter, A., T. van Eck, and A. Shapira, 1996, Seismic activity along fault branches of the Dead Sea-Jordan Transform System: The Carmel-Tirtza fault system, Tectonophysics, 267(1-4): 317-330. Jackson, James, and Dan McKenzie, 1984, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan Belt between western Turkey and Pakistan, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(1): 185-264. Jackson, James, and Graham Yielding, 1983, The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 91(1-2): 15-28. Jackson, J.A., J. Gagnepain, G. Houseman, G.C.P. King, P. Papadimitriou, C. Soufleris, and J. Virieux, 1982, Seismicity, normal faulting, and the geomorphological development of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece): the Corinth earthquakes of February and March 1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 57(2): 377-397. Jacob, Klaus H., and Richard L. Quittmeyer, 1979, The Makran region of Pakistan and Iran: Trench-arc system with active plate subduction, in Abul Farah and Kees A. DeJong, editors, Geodynamics of Pakistan, Quetta: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 1979. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1989, Estimation of earthquake source parameters of the May 4, 1972 event of the Hellenic Arc by the inversion of waveform data, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 57(3-4): 225-232. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1991(a), Moment tensor inversion of the 1983 January 17 Kefallinia event of Ionian Islands (Greece), Geophysical Journal International, 105(2): 529-535. Kiratzi, Anastasia, Gregory Wagner, and Charles Langston, 1991(b), Source parameters of some large earthquakes in northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 135(4): 515-527. Kiratzi, Anastasia A. and Constantinos B. Papazachos, 1995, Active crustal deformation from the Azores triple junction to the Middle East, Tectonophysics, 243(1-2): 1-24. Kristy, M.J., L.J. Burdick, and D.W. Simpson, 1980, The focal mechanisms of the Gazli, USSR, earthquakes, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(5): 1737-1750. Laane, Janet L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1989, The Makran earthquake of 1983 April 18: A possible analogue to the Puget Sound earthquake of 1965?, Geophysical Journal International, 98(1): 1-9. Lyon-Caen, H., R. Armijo, J. Drakopoulos, J. Baskoutass, N. Delibassis, R. Gaulon, V. Kouskouna, J. Latoussakis, K. Makropoulos, P. Papadimitriou, D. Papanastassiou, and G. Pedotti, 1988, he 1986 Kalamata (South Pelopennesus) earthquake: Detailed study of a normal fault, evidences for east-west extension in the Hellenic Arc, Journal of Geophysical Research, 93: 14967-15000. McKenzie, Dan, 1978, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55(1): 217-254. McKenzie, Dan, 1972, Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region, Royal Astronomical Society, Geophysical Journal, 30(2): 109-185. McKenzie, D.P., P. Davies, and P. Molnar, 1970, Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa, Nature, 226(5242): 243-248. Medina, Fida, 1995, Present-day state of stress in northern Morocco from focal mechanism analysis, Journal of Structural Geology, 17(7): 1035-1046. Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1991, Focal mechanisms of the Atlas earthquakes, and tectonic implications, Geoligische Rundschau, 80: 639-648. Meghraoui, M., A. Cisternas and H. Philip, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Lower Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) earthquake, Tectonics, 5(6): 809-836. Mezcua, J. and J. Rueda, 1997, Seismological evidence for a delamination process in the lithosphere under the Alboran Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): F1-F8. Nabelek, John, 1984, Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Inversion of Body Waves, PhD thesis, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ni, James, and , 1986, Seismotectonics of the Zagros continental collision zone and a comparison with the Himalayas, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(8): 8205-8218. Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino de Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. Pinar, Ali, and Niyazi Turkelli, 1997, Source inversion of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 283(1-4): 279-288. Pinar, Ali, 1998, Source inversion of the October 1, 1995, Dinar earthquake (Ms = 6.1): A rupture model with implications for seismotectonics in SW Turkey, Tectonophysics, 292(3-4): 255-266. Priestley, Keith, Calum Baker, and James Jackson, 1994, Implications of earthquake focal mechanism data for the active tectonics of the south Caspian Basin and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal International, 118(1): 111-141. Quittmeyer, Richard C. and Alan L. Kafka, 1984, Constraints on plate motions in southern Pakistan and the northern Arabian Sea from the focal mechanisms of small earthquakes, Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(4): 2444-2458. Saikia, C.K., H.K. Thio, B.B. Woods, X. Song, L. Zhu, and D.V. Helmberger, 1996, Path calibration, source estimation and regional discrimination for the Middle East and western Mediterranean, Woodward-Clyde Federal Services report PL-TR-96-2307 for Phillips Laboratory, Directorate of Geophysics, Air Force Materiel Command, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Sipkin, Stuart A., 1986, Interpretation of non-double-couple earthquake mechanisms derived from moment tensor inversion, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(1): 531-547. Stewart, Gordon S. and Hiroo Kanamori, 1982, Complexity of rupture in large strike-slip earthquakes in Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 28(1): 70-84. Suleiman, Abdunnur S. and Diane I. Doser, 1995, The seismicity, seismotectonics and earthquake hazards of Libya, with detailed analysis of the 1935 April 19, M = 7.1 earthquake sequence, Geophysical Journal International, 120(2): 312-322. Tadili, B.A., and M. Ramdani, 1986, La sismicité du Moyen Atlas, Gerlands Beitrift fur Geophysik, 95(6): 469-476. Taymaz, T., J. Jackson, and R. Westaway, 1990, Earthquake mechanisms in the Hellenic Trench near Crete, Geophysical Journal International, 102(3): 695-731. Taymaz, Tuncay, Haluk Eyidogan, and James Jackson, 1991(a), Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey), Geophysical Journal International, 106(3): 537-550. Taymaz, Tuncay, James Jackson, and Dan McKenzie, 1991(b), Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 106(2): 433-490. Taymaz, Tuncay and Simon Price, 1992, The 1971 May 12 Burdur earthquake sequence, SW Turkey: A synthesis of seismological and geological observations, Geophysical Journal International, 108(2): 589-603. Taymaz, Tuncay, 1993, The source parameters of the Cubukdag (W. Turkey) earthquake of 1986 October 11, Geophysical Journal International, 113(1): 260-267. Thio, Hong Kie, Xi Song, Chandan K. Saikia, Donald V. Helmberger, and Bradley B. Woods, 1999, Seismic source and structure estimation in the western Mediterranean using a sparse broadband network, Journal of Geophysical Research, 104: 845-861. Toksoz, M. Nafi, John Nabelek, and Esen Arpat, 1978, Source properties of the 1976 earthquake in east Turkey: A comparison of field data and teleseismic results, Tectonophysics, 49(3-4): 199-205. Triep, E.G., G.A. Abers, A.L. Lerner-Lam, V. Mishatkin, N. Zakharchenko, and O. Starovoit, 1995, Active thrust front of the Greater Caucasus: The April 29, 1991, Racha earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(3): 4011-4033. van Eck, Torild, and Abraham Hofstetter, 1990, Fault geometry and spatial clustering of microearthquakes along the Dead Sea-Jordan rift fault zone, Tectonophysics, 180(1): 15-27. Westaway, Rob, 1990, The Tripoli, Libya, earthquake of September 4, 1974: Implications for the Active tectonics of the central Mediterranean, Tectonics, 9(2): 231-248. Yielding, G., M. Ouyed, G.C.P. King, and D. Hatzfeld, 1989, Active tectonics of the Algerian Atlas Mountains--evidence from aftershocks of the 1980 El Asnam earthquake, Geophysical Journal International, 99(3): 761-788. Zhang, Jiajun, 1998, Inversion of surface wave spectra for source parameters of large earthquakes using aspherical earth models, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 107(4): 327-350. References Part II: We have events from these papers, but not the papers on file (because we took the data from another paper which cited the original). In the coverage, the original author and paper are listed as AUTHOR and REFERENCE attributes, respectively, and the citing paper that we actually have is mentioned in COMMENTS. Bounif, A., H. Haessler and M. Meghraoui, 1987, The Constantine (northeast Algeria) earthquake of October 27, 1985: Surface ruptures and aftershock study, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 85(4): 451-460. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., and A. Udías, 1991, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Gulf of Cádiz, south Spain and Alboran Sea, pp. 29-40 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., J. Mézcua and A. Udías, 1988a, Mecanismo focal del terremoto del cabo de San Vicente de 20 de octubre 1986, Revista Geofísica, 44(1): 109-112. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., A. Udías and J. Mézcua, 1988c, Seismicity and focal mechanisms in south Spain, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 78(6): 2008-2024. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Cipar, J., 1980, Teleseismic observations of the 1976 Friuli, Italy earthquake sequence, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(4): 963-983. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Cisternas, A., J. Dorel and R. Gaulong, 1982, Models of the complex source of the El Asnam earthquake, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72: 2245-2266. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Coca, P., and E. Buforn, 1994, Mecanismos focales en el sur de España; periodo 1965-1985, Estudios Geologicos, 50(1-2): 33-45. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Deschamps, A., Y. Gaudemer and A. Cisternas, 1982, The El Asnam, Algeria, earthquake of 10 October 1980: Multiple-source mechanism determined from long-period records, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(4): 1111-1128. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1988, Source mechanisms of four recent earthquakes along the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 92(3): 391-401. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Hatzfeld, D., 1978, Étude sismotectonique de la zone de collision Ibéro-Maghrébian, State Thesis, Grenoble, 281. (Cited in Medina, 1995, and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) IGN Data File (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995 and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998. IGN = Inst. Geogr. Nacional, Madrid, Spain.) ISC Jackson, J., and D. McKenzie, 1988, The relationship between plate motions and seismic moment tensors, and the rates of active deformation in the Mediterranean and Middle East, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 93(1): 45-73. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Jiménez, E., 1991, Focal mechanisms of some European earthquakes from the analysis of single station long-periods records, pp. 87-96 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Liotier, Y., 1989, Modelisation des ondes de volume ses seismes de larc Egeen. Formation de 3e Cycle, UFR de Mechanique, Univ. Joseph Fourier de Grenoble 1. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1992, Mécanismes au foyer des séismes du Maroc et des régions voisines (1959-1986): Conséquences tectoniques, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 85(2): 433-457. (Cited in Medina, 1995.) Moreira, V.S., 1991, Historical seismicity and seismotectonics of the area situated between the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco, Selvanges and Azores Islands, Seismicity, pp. 213-225 in Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Ouyed, M., M. Meghraoui, A. Cisternas, A. Deschamp, J. Dorel, J. Frechet, R. Raulon, D. Hatzfeld and H. Philip, 1981, Seismotectonics of the El Asnam earthquake, Nature, 292(5818): 26-31. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, B.C., A. Kiratzi, B. Karacostas, D. Panagiotopoulos, E. Scordilis, and D. Mountrakis, 1988, Surface fault traces, fault plane solution and spatial distribution of the aftershocks of the September 13, 1986 earthquake of Kalamata (southern Greece), Pure and Applied Geophysics, 126(1): 55-68. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, C., A.A. Kiratzi, and B.C. Papazachos, 1992, Rates of active crustal deformation in the Aegean and the surrounding area, Joural of Geodynamics, 16(3): 147-179. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Ritsema, A., 1974, The earthquake mechanisms of the Balkan region, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Sct. Report., 74-4. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Rueda, J., J. Mézcua, E. Buforn and J. Galán, 1992, Estudio del terremoto de 13 de Septiembre de 1984 en la Sierra de Alhamilla y su serie de réplicas, Revista Geofísica, 48(1): 87-95. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Shirokova, E., 1972, Stress pattern and probable motion in the earthquake foci of the Asia-Mediterranean seismic belt, in L.M. Balakina et al. (editors), Elastic Strain Field of the Earth and Mechanisms of Earthquake Sources. (Seismology 8.) Nauka, Moscow. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Shirokova, Y.I., 1967, Obshchiye zamonomernosti v oriyentatsii glavnykh napryazheniy v ochagkh zemletryaseniy srednezemnomorsko - aziatskogo seysmicheskogo poyasa, Akad. nauk sssr izv. fizika semli, 1: 22-36. (Cited in Meghraoui et al., 1986.) Udías, A. López-Arroyo and J. Mezcua, 1976, Seismotectonics of the Azores-Alboran region, Tectonophysics, 31: 259-289. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Vidal, F., 1986, Sismotectónica de la región Béticas-Mar de Alborán, 450. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Westaway, Rob, 1987, The Campania, southern Italy, earthquakes of 1962 August 21, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 88(1): 1-24. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Notes Time_Period_of_Content Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 1908 Ending_Date: present Currentness_Reference Time_Period_of_Content is the range of earthquake dates included in the coverage. Status Progress: published on web Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency None planned. Spatial_Domain Bounding_Coordinates West_Bounding_Coordinate: -35.90000173 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 74.44000213 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.36000115 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.11999994

Keywords Theme Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Place Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Middle East and North Africa Stratum Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Temporal Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword:

Access_Constraints Contains copyrighted data. Use_Constraints Most data are from copyrighted publications. Point_of_Contact: See Distribution_Information for contact information.

Data_Set_Credit Security_Information Security_Classification_System: None Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Security_Handling_Description: None

Native_Data_Set_Environment: SunOS UNIX, ARC/INFO version 7.2.1

Cross_Reference Originator: Publication_Date: Publication_Time: Title: Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Series_Information Series_Name: Issue_Identification: Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation:


Data_Quality_Information

Attribute_Accuracy Attribute_Accuracy_Report: See Entity_Attribute_Information

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment Attribute_Accuracy_Value: See Explanation Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Point features present.

Completeness_Report Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference. Lineage: See Supplemental_Information for overview.

Process_Steps Process_Step Process_Description: CORGREN APPEND ALL_022299 POINTS ALL Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990222 Process_Time: 1702 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: CORGREN COPY /IDC3/ORGREN/FOCMEC_DATABASE/COVERS/ALL_022299 FOCMECS_MENA Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990222 Process_Time: 1703 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: CORGREN DOCUMENT FOCMECS_MENA COPY /IDC3/ORGREN/FOCMEC_DATABASE/COVERS/ALPTE Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990223 Process_Time: 1340 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER PROJECT COVER FOCMECS_MENA /DATA/WEB/PAGES/EARTHMAP/CORNELLDATA/MENA_FOC Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1439 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER BUILD MENA_FOC POINT Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1439 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER RENAME MENA_FOC MENA_FOCEQ Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1440 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER ADDXY MENA_FOCEQ POINT Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1616 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None

Cloud_Cover


Spatial_Data_Organization_Information

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information SDTS_Terms_Description SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 819 SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 0 SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains' Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 0


Spatial_Reference_Information

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition
    Planar
        Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name:  EQUIRECTANGULAR
        Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 0
        Semi-major_Axis: 6370997.00000
        False_Easting:  30
        False_Northing:  0.00000
    Geodetic Model
        Horizontal_Datum_Name:  NONE
        Ellipsoid_Name:  Clarke 1866
        Semi-major_Axis: 6,378,206.4
        Denominator_of_Flattening: 294.98


Entity_and_Attribute_Information

Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: FOCMECS_MENA.PAT Entity_Type_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Entity_Type_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute: Attribute_Label: - Attribute_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Attribute_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: - Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Degenerate area of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Degenerate perimeter of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA# Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Computed Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sequential unique positive integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA-ID Attribute_Definition: User-assigned feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: User-defined Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_RAKE Attribute_Definition: dip and rake rounded to nearest ten degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: calculated from published dip and rake by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2-digit number, underscore, +/- 3-digit Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SYMBOL Attribute_Definition: symbol number for appropriate focal mechanism symbol Attribute_Definition_Source: assigned by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: longitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: latitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE Attribute_Definition: month, day, year Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: format is MM/DD/YY or M/D/YY Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: HOUR Attribute_Definition: hour time of event Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 - 23 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MIN Attribute_Definition: minute of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0-59 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SEC Attribute_Definition: second of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0.0 to 59.9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SECCOR Attribute_Definition: centroid time from the inversion measured from origin time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LAT Attribute_Definition: latitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LON Attribute_Definition: longitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CODE Attribute_Definition: source of epicenter information Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: MLI, PDE, ISC Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEPTH Attribute_Definition: depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE Attribute_Definition: strike for best double couple (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of strike Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP Attribute_Definition: dip for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 1 to 90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of dip Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE Attribute_Definition: rake for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P-T axes or nodal planes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integers -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: 1)standard deviation of rake OR 2)amount by which planes differ from orthogonal Attribute_Definition_Source: 1) published paper 2) Cornell GIS group (if calc. from PT or nodal planes) Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLIP_VEC Attribute_Definition: azimuth of slip vector relative to North Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-360 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE2 Attribute_Definition: strike of second nodal plane (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP2 Attribute_Definition: dip of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE2 Attribute_Definition: rake of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL1 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE1 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEA Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL2 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE2 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEB Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL3 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE3 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEC Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: T_MOMENT Attribute_Definition: scalar moment, to be multiplied by 10^EXPONENT Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EXPONENT Attribute_Definition: exponent of all moment values Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR Attribute_Definition: first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS Attribute_Definition: second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE Attribute_Definition: third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS Attribute_Definition: fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE Attribute_Definition: fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE Attribute_Definition: sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MB Attribute_Definition: body wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MS Attribute_Definition: surface wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MW Attribute_Definition: moment magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ML Attribute_Definition: local magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAG_GEN Attribute_Definition: earthquake magnitude (may be body wave, surface wave, moment, or local) Attribute_Definition_Source: selected from published magnitude types by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_STA Attribute_Definition: number of stations used to model focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_PWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of P-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_SWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of S-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ICUT Attribute_Definition: body-wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWSTA Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave stations used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWREC Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave records used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MICUT Attribute_Definition: mantle wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT Attribute_Definition: centroid latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON Attribute_Definition: centroid longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH Attribute_Definition: centroid depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid depth Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: METHOD Attribute_Definition: method of determining focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: first motions, body wave inversion Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AUTHOR Attribute_Definition: first initial and author of published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: not representable as a preset list Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: REFERENCE Attribute_Definition: abbreviated reference information of original published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: journal name, year, volume: pages Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS1 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS2 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: X-COORD Attribute_Definition: longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y-COORD Attribute_Definition: latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -90 to +90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Overview_Description Entity_and_Attribute_Overview Earthquake location, magnitude, depth, time, strike, dip, and rake, are attributes. Note that RAKE_ERR may be the original authors calculated standard error in rake, or may be the Cornell-determined deviation from nodal plane orthogonality. The latter case is so noted in COMMENTS1 or COMMENTS2. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Not Available


Distribution_Information


Metadata_Reference_Section

Metadata_Date: 19990223 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Contact_Organization: Contact_Position: Senior Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Cornell University Snee Hall Department of Geological Sciences City: Ithaca State_or_Province: NY Postal_Code: 14853 Country: U.S.A. Contact_Voice_Telephone: Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Hours_of_Service: 8:00 - 17:00 Eastern time Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Last modified: 99-03-08.10:54:33.Mon

Metadata for Middle East and North Africa Focal Mechanisms

Table of Contents

Identification_Information
     Abstract 
     Purpose 
     Supplemental Information 
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
     Detailed Description
     Overview 
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Section


Identification_Information

Citation_Information Originator: Cornell University GIS Group Publication_Date: 1999 Title: MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Cornell University /INSTOC Other_Citation_Details: compiled from published papers Online_Linkage: http://www.atlas.geo.cornell.edu

Description Abstract The dataset contains location, time, and focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in the North Africa and the Middle East. Solutions are included either because they differ from the CMT solution or because the earthquake predates Harvard CMT analysis (i.e., before 1977) or has a magnitude too small to apply CMT analysis (i.e., < 5.5). Purpose Supplemental_Information Procedures_Used Many researchers have calculated focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in North Africa and the Middle East, using first motions or body wave inversion. Focal mechanism solutions were assembled by the Cornell GIS group from published papers, graduate theses, and personal communications. Those with the P- and T-axes only, or strike and dip only of the two nodal planes, were converted to strike, dip, rake at Cornell using the Fortran program of John Gephart (personal communication). This program also calculates the number of degrees by which the nodal planes differ from orthogonality; this datum became the RAKE_ERR item. All data sets were put into a standard format and combined to make an Arc Info coverage. Revisions Reviews_Applied_to_Data Most solutions have been published (see references). When several sources analyze the same earthquake, the best solution (usually the most recent) was selected. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets References_Cited Cornell University GIS Group, 1998, MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms (= this ArcInfo coverage), Ithaca, New York: Cornell University GIS group. http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu References Part I: We have copies of these papers on file. Abdel Fattah, Aki K., Hesham M. Hussein, Ezzeldien M. Ibrahim, and Ahmad S. Abu El Atta, 1997, Fault plane solutions of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes and their tectonic implications, Annali di Geofisica, 40(6): 1555-1564. Alptekin, Omer, 1973, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in western Turkey and their tectonic implications, PhD thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Anderson, Helen, and James Jackson, 1987, Active tectonics of the Adriatic Region, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 91(3): 937-983. Arieh, E., Y. Rotstein, and U. Peled, 1982, The Dead Sea earthquake of 23 April 1979, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(5): 1627-1634. Baker, Calum, James Jackson, and Keith Priestley, 1993, Earthquakes on the Kazerun Line in the Zagros Mountains of Iran: strike-slip faulting within a fold-and-thrust belt, Geophysical Journal International, 115(1): 41-61. Baker, Calum, Denis Hatzfeld, Helene Lyon-Caen, Elephteria Papadimitriou, and Alexis Rigo, 1997, Earthquake mechanisms of the Adriatic Sea and western Greece: Implications for the oceanic subduction-continental collision transition, Geophysical Journal International, 131(3): 559-594. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, and S. Arshadi, 1979a, Surface rupture and mechanism of the Bob-Tangol (southeastern Iran) earthquake of 19 December 1977, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 42(3): 456-462. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, R.G. Bilham, C.H. Scholz, and C. Soufleris, 1979b, Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 69(6): 1851-1859. Berberian, M., J.A. Jackson, M. Ghorashi, and M.H. Kadjar, 1984, Field and teleseismic observations of the 1981 Golbaf-Sirch earthquakes in SE Iran, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(3): 809-838. Berberian, M., M. Qorashi, J.A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and T. Wallace, 1992, The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NW Persia: Preliminary field and seismological observations, and its tectonic significance, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(4): 1726-1755. Buforn, E., C. Sanz de Galdeano and A. Udías, 1995, Seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Tectonophysics, 248(3-4): 247-261. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and R. Madariaga, 1991, Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 136(4): 375-393. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and M.A. Colombas, 1988, Seismicity, source mechanisms and tectonics of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Tectonophysics 152(1-2): 89-118. Byrne, Daniel E. and Lynn R. Sykes, 1992, Great thrust earthquakes and aseismic slip along the plate boundary of the Makran subduction zone, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(1): 449-478. Canitez, Nezihi and S. Balamir Ucer, 1967, Computer determinations for the fault-plane solutions in and near Anatolia, Tectonophysics, 4(3): 235-244. Canitez, N. and M.N. Toksoz, 1971, Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body and surface wave data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 61(5): 1369-1379. Chaimov, Thomas A. and , 1990, Crustal shortening in the Palmyride Fold Belt, Syria, and implications for movement along the Dead Sea fault system, Tectonics, 9(6): 1369-1386. Chandra, Umesh, 1984, Focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in Iran, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 34(1): 9-16. Comninakis, E., and C. Papazachos, 1972, Seismicity of the eastern Mediterranean and some tectonic features of the Mediterranean Ridge, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83(4): 1093-1102. Dlala, M., and M. Hfaiedh, 1993, Le seisme du 7 novembre 1989 a Metlaoui (Tunisie meriodonale): Une tectonique active en compression, Comptes Rendus de lAcademie des Sciences, Serie 2, 317(10): 1297-1302. El Alami, S.O., F. Medina and H. Jebli, 1992, Etude du seisme dAgadir du 5 avril 1992, GAIA, 5: 1-5. Eyidogan, Haluk and James Jackson, 1985, A seismological study of normal faulting in the Demirci, Alasehir and Gediz earthquakes of 1969-70 in western Turkey: Implications for the nature and geometry of deformation in the continental crust, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 81(3): 569-607. Fahmi, Khalid J., Mazin A.H. Al Salim, and Basil S. Ayar, 1986, Recent earthquake activity in the Lesser Zab region of northeastern Iraq, Tectonophysics, 131(1-2): 89-111. Frogneux, M., 1980, La sismicité marocaine de 1972 á 1978: Etude des parametres a la source des séismes proches, PhD thesis, Grenoble, France: Univ. Grenoble, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne, 131 pp. Fuenzalida, H., L. Dorbath, A. Cisternas, H. Eyidogan, A. Barka, L. Rivera, H. Haessler, H. Philip, and N. Lyberis, 1997, Mechanism of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake and its aftershocks, tectonics of the Erzincan Basin and decoupling on the North Anatolian Fault, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): 1-28. Girardin, N., D. Hatzfeld and R. Guiraud, 1978, La sismicité du nord de lAlgerie, Comptes Rendus sommaire du Société Géologique de France, 19, supplement 2: 95-100. Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1986, The Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary: Focal mechanisms, depths of earthquakes, and their tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research 91(2): 2029-2047. Gueddiche, M., H. Harjono, N. B. Ayed, M. Hfaiedh, M. Diament and J. Dubois, 1992, Analyse de la séismicité et mise en évidence daccidents actifs dans le nord de la Tunisie, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 163(4): 415-425. Hatzfeld, D., D. Kementzetzidou, V. Karakostas, M. Ziazia, S. Nothard, D. Diagourtas, A. Deschamps, G. Karakaisis, P. Papadimitriou, M. Scordilis, R. Smith, N. Voulgaris, S. Kiratzi, K. Makropoulos, M.P. Bouin, and P. Bernard., 1996, The Galaxidi earthquake of 18 November 1992: A possible asperity within the normal fault system of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6): 1987-1991. Hofstetter, A., T. van Eck, and A. Shapira, 1996, Seismic activity along fault branches of the Dead Sea-Jordan Transform System: The Carmel-Tirtza fault system, Tectonophysics, 267(1-4): 317-330. Jackson, James, and Dan McKenzie, 1984, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan Belt between western Turkey and Pakistan, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(1): 185-264. Jackson, James, and Graham Yielding, 1983, The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 91(1-2): 15-28. Jackson, J.A., J. Gagnepain, G. Houseman, G.C.P. King, P. Papadimitriou, C. Soufleris, and J. Virieux, 1982, Seismicity, normal faulting, and the geomorphological development of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece): the Corinth earthquakes of February and March 1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 57(2): 377-397. Jacob, Klaus H., and Richard L. Quittmeyer, 1979, The Makran region of Pakistan and Iran: Trench-arc system with active plate subduction, in Abul Farah and Kees A. DeJong, editors, Geodynamics of Pakistan, Quetta: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 1979. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1989, Estimation of earthquake source parameters of the May 4, 1972 event of the Hellenic Arc by the inversion of waveform data, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 57(3-4): 225-232. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1991(a), Moment tensor inversion of the 1983 January 17 Kefallinia event of Ionian Islands (Greece), Geophysical Journal International, 105(2): 529-535. Kiratzi, Anastasia, Gregory Wagner, and Charles Langston, 1991(b), Source parameters of some large earthquakes in northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 135(4): 515-527. Kiratzi, Anastasia A. and Constantinos B. Papazachos, 1995, Active crustal deformation from the Azores triple junction to the Middle East, Tectonophysics, 243(1-2): 1-24. Kristy, M.J., L.J. Burdick, and D.W. Simpson, 1980, The focal mechanisms of the Gazli, USSR, earthquakes, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(5): 1737-1750. Laane, Janet L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1989, The Makran earthquake of 1983 April 18: A possible analogue to the Puget Sound earthquake of 1965?, Geophysical Journal International, 98(1): 1-9. Lyon-Caen, H., R. Armijo, J. Drakopoulos, J. Baskoutass, N. Delibassis, R. Gaulon, V. Kouskouna, J. Latoussakis, K. Makropoulos, P. Papadimitriou, D. Papanastassiou, and G. Pedotti, 1988, he 1986 Kalamata (South Pelopennesus) earthquake: Detailed study of a normal fault, evidences for east-west extension in the Hellenic Arc, Journal of Geophysical Research, 93: 14967-15000. McKenzie, Dan, 1978, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55(1): 217-254. McKenzie, Dan, 1972, Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region, Royal Astronomical Society, Geophysical Journal, 30(2): 109-185. McKenzie, D.P., P. Davies, and P. Molnar, 1970, Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa, Nature, 226(5242): 243-248. Medina, Fida, 1995, Present-day state of stress in northern Morocco from focal mechanism analysis, Journal of Structural Geology, 17(7): 1035-1046. Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1991, Focal mechanisms of the Atlas earthquakes, and tectonic implications, Geoligische Rundschau, 80: 639-648. Meghraoui, M., A. Cisternas and H. Philip, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Lower Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) earthquake, Tectonics, 5(6): 809-836. Mezcua, J. and J. Rueda, 1997, Seismological evidence for a delamination process in the lithosphere under the Alboran Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): F1-F8. Nabelek, John, 1984, Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Inversion of Body Waves, PhD thesis, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ni, James, and , 1986, Seismotectonics of the Zagros continental collision zone and a comparison with the Himalayas, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(8): 8205-8218. Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino de Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. Pinar, Ali, and Niyazi Turkelli, 1997, Source inversion of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 283(1-4): 279-288. Pinar, Ali, 1998, Source inversion of the October 1, 1995, Dinar earthquake (Ms = 6.1): A rupture model with implications for seismotectonics in SW Turkey, Tectonophysics, 292(3-4): 255-266. Priestley, Keith, Calum Baker, and James Jackson, 1994, Implications of earthquake focal mechanism data for the active tectonics of the south Caspian Basin and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal International, 118(1): 111-141. Quittmeyer, Richard C. and Alan L. Kafka, 1984, Constraints on plate motions in southern Pakistan and the northern Arabian Sea from the focal mechanisms of small earthquakes, Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(4): 2444-2458. Saikia, C.K., H.K. Thio, B.B. Woods, X. Song, L. Zhu, and D.V. Helmberger, 1996, Path calibration, source estimation and regional discrimination for the Middle East and western Mediterranean, Woodward-Clyde Federal Services report PL-TR-96-2307 for Phillips Laboratory, Directorate of Geophysics, Air Force Materiel Command, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Sipkin, Stuart A., 1986, Interpretation of non-double-couple earthquake mechanisms derived from moment tensor inversion, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(1): 531-547. Stewart, Gordon S. and Hiroo Kanamori, 1982, Complexity of rupture in large strike-slip earthquakes in Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 28(1): 70-84. Suleiman, Abdunnur S. and Diane I. Doser, 1995, The seismicity, seismotectonics and earthquake hazards of Libya, with detailed analysis of the 1935 April 19, M = 7.1 earthquake sequence, Geophysical Journal International, 120(2): 312-322. Tadili, B.A., and M. Ramdani, 1986, La sismicité du Moyen Atlas, Gerlands Beitrift fur Geophysik, 95(6): 469-476. Taymaz, T., J. Jackson, and R. Westaway, 1990, Earthquake mechanisms in the Hellenic Trench near Crete, Geophysical Journal International, 102(3): 695-731. Taymaz, Tuncay, Haluk Eyidogan, and James Jackson, 1991(a), Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey), Geophysical Journal International, 106(3): 537-550. Taymaz, Tuncay, James Jackson, and Dan McKenzie, 1991(b), Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 106(2): 433-490. Taymaz, Tuncay and Simon Price, 1992, The 1971 May 12 Burdur earthquake sequence, SW Turkey: A synthesis of seismological and geological observations, Geophysical Journal International, 108(2): 589-603. Taymaz, Tuncay, 1993, The source parameters of the Cubukdag (W. Turkey) earthquake of 1986 October 11, Geophysical Journal International, 113(1): 260-267. Thio, Hong Kie, Xi Song, Chandan K. Saikia, Donald V. Helmberger, and Bradley B. Woods, 1999, Seismic source and structure estimation in the western Mediterranean using a sparse broadband network, Journal of Geophysical Research, 104: 845-861. Toksoz, M. Nafi, John Nabelek, and Esen Arpat, 1978, Source properties of the 1976 earthquake in east Turkey: A comparison of field data and teleseismic results, Tectonophysics, 49(3-4): 199-205. Triep, E.G., G.A. Abers, A.L. Lerner-Lam, V. Mishatkin, N. Zakharchenko, and O. Starovoit, 1995, Active thrust front of the Greater Caucasus: The April 29, 1991, Racha earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(3): 4011-4033. van Eck, Torild, and Abraham Hofstetter, 1990, Fault geometry and spatial clustering of microearthquakes along the Dead Sea-Jordan rift fault zone, Tectonophysics, 180(1): 15-27. Westaway, Rob, 1990, The Tripoli, Libya, earthquake of September 4, 1974: Implications for the Active tectonics of the central Mediterranean, Tectonics, 9(2): 231-248. Yielding, G., M. Ouyed, G.C.P. King, and D. Hatzfeld, 1989, Active tectonics of the Algerian Atlas Mountains--evidence from aftershocks of the 1980 El Asnam earthquake, Geophysical Journal International, 99(3): 761-788. Zhang, Jiajun, 1998, Inversion of surface wave spectra for source parameters of large earthquakes using aspherical earth models, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 107(4): 327-350. References Part II: We have events from these papers, but not the papers on file (because we took the data from another paper which cited the original). In the coverage, the original author and paper are listed as AUTHOR and REFERENCE attributes, respectively, and the citing paper that we actually have is mentioned in COMMENTS. Bounif, A., H. Haessler and M. Meghraoui, 1987, The Constantine (northeast Algeria) earthquake of October 27, 1985: Surface ruptures and aftershock study, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 85(4): 451-460. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., and A. Udías, 1991, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Gulf of Cádiz, south Spain and Alboran Sea, pp. 29-40 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., J. Mézcua and A. Udías, 1988a, Mecanismo focal del terremoto del cabo de San Vicente de 20 de octubre 1986, Revista Geofísica, 44(1): 109-112. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., A. Udías and J. Mézcua, 1988c, Seismicity and focal mechanisms in south Spain, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 78(6): 2008-2024. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Cipar, J., 1980, Teleseismic observations of the 1976 Friuli, Italy earthquake sequence, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(4): 963-983. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Cisternas, A., J. Dorel and R. Gaulong, 1982, Models of the complex source of the El Asnam earthquake, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72: 2245-2266. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Coca, P., and E. Buforn, 1994, Mecanismos focales en el sur de España; periodo 1965-1985, Estudios Geologicos, 50(1-2): 33-45. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Deschamps, A., Y. Gaudemer and A. Cisternas, 1982, The El Asnam, Algeria, earthquake of 10 October 1980: Multiple-source mechanism determined from long-period records, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(4): 1111-1128. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1988, Source mechanisms of four recent earthquakes along the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 92(3): 391-401. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Hatzfeld, D., 1978, Étude sismotectonique de la zone de collision Ibéro-Maghrébian, State Thesis, Grenoble, 281. (Cited in Medina, 1995, and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) IGN Data File (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995 and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998. IGN = Inst. Geogr. Nacional, Madrid, Spain.) ISC Jackson, J., and D. McKenzie, 1988, The relationship between plate motions and seismic moment tensors, and the rates of active deformation in the Mediterranean and Middle East, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 93(1): 45-73. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Jiménez, E., 1991, Focal mechanisms of some European earthquakes from the analysis of single station long-periods records, pp. 87-96 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Liotier, Y., 1989, Modelisation des ondes de volume ses seismes de larc Egeen. Formation de 3e Cycle, UFR de Mechanique, Univ. Joseph Fourier de Grenoble 1. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1992, Mécanismes au foyer des séismes du Maroc et des régions voisines (1959-1986): Conséquences tectoniques, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 85(2): 433-457. (Cited in Medina, 1995.) Moreira, V.S., 1991, Historical seismicity and seismotectonics of the area situated between the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco, Selvanges and Azores Islands, Seismicity, pp. 213-225 in Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Ouyed, M., M. Meghraoui, A. Cisternas, A. Deschamp, J. Dorel, J. Frechet, R. Raulon, D. Hatzfeld and H. Philip, 1981, Seismotectonics of the El Asnam earthquake, Nature, 292(5818): 26-31. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, B.C., A. Kiratzi, B. Karacostas, D. Panagiotopoulos, E. Scordilis, and D. Mountrakis, 1988, Surface fault traces, fault plane solution and spatial distribution of the aftershocks of the September 13, 1986 earthquake of Kalamata (southern Greece), Pure and Applied Geophysics, 126(1): 55-68. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, C., A.A. Kiratzi, and B.C. Papazachos, 1992, Rates of active crustal deformation in the Aegean and the surrounding area, Joural of Geodynamics, 16(3): 147-179. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Ritsema, A., 1974, The earthquake mechanisms of the Balkan region, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Sct. Report., 74-4. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Rueda, J., J. Mézcua, E. Buforn and J. Galán, 1992, Estudio del terremoto de 13 de Septiembre de 1984 en la Sierra de Alhamilla y su serie de réplicas, Revista Geofísica, 48(1): 87-95. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Shirokova, E., 1972, Stress pattern and probable motion in the earthquake foci of the Asia-Mediterranean seismic belt, in L.M. Balakina et al. (editors), Elastic Strain Field of the Earth and Mechanisms of Earthquake Sources. (Seismology 8.) Nauka, Moscow. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Shirokova, Y.I., 1967, Obshchiye zamonomernosti v oriyentatsii glavnykh napryazheniy v ochagkh zemletryaseniy srednezemnomorsko - aziatskogo seysmicheskogo poyasa, Akad. nauk sssr izv. fizika semli, 1: 22-36. (Cited in Meghraoui et al., 1986.) Udías, A. López-Arroyo and J. Mezcua, 1976, Seismotectonics of the Azores-Alboran region, Tectonophysics, 31: 259-289. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Vidal, F., 1986, Sismotectónica de la región Béticas-Mar de Alborán, 450. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Westaway, Rob, 1987, The Campania, southern Italy, earthquakes of 1962 August 21, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 88(1): 1-24. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Notes Time_Period_of_Content Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 1908 Ending_Date: present Currentness_Reference Time_Period_of_Content is the range of earthquake dates included in the coverage. Status Progress: published on web Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency None planned. Spatial_Domain Bounding_Coordinates West_Bounding_Coordinate: -35.90000173 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 74.44000213 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.36000115 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.11999994

Keywords Theme Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Place Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Middle East and North Africa Stratum Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Temporal Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword:

Access_Constraints Contains copyrighted data. Use_Constraints Most data are from copyrighted publications. Point_of_Contact: See Distribution_Information for contact information.

Data_Set_Credit Security_Information Security_Classification_System: None Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Security_Handling_Description: None

Native_Data_Set_Environment: SunOS UNIX, ARC/INFO version 7.2.1

Cross_Reference Originator: Publication_Date: Publication_Time: Title: Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Series_Information Series_Name: Issue_Identification: Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation:


Data_Quality_Information

Attribute_Accuracy Attribute_Accuracy_Report: See Entity_Attribute_Information

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment Attribute_Accuracy_Value: See Explanation Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Point features present.

Completeness_Report Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference. Lineage: See Supplemental_Information for overview.

Process_Steps Process_Step Process_Description: CORGREN APPEND ALL_022299 POINTS ALL Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990222 Process_Time: 1702 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: CORGREN COPY /IDC3/ORGREN/FOCMEC_DATABASE/COVERS/ALL_022299 FOCMECS_MENA Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990222 Process_Time: 1703 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: CORGREN DOCUMENT FOCMECS_MENA COPY /IDC3/ORGREN/FOCMEC_DATABASE/COVERS/ALPTE Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990223 Process_Time: 1340 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER PROJECT COVER FOCMECS_MENA /DATA/WEB/PAGES/EARTHMAP/CORNELLDATA/MENA_FOC Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1439 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER BUILD MENA_FOC POINT Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1439 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER RENAME MENA_FOC MENA_FOCEQ Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1440 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None Process_Step Process_Description: SEBER ADDXY MENA_FOCEQ POINT Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:None Process_Date: 19990307 Process_Time: 1616 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: None

Cloud_Cover


Spatial_Data_Organization_Information

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information SDTS_Terms_Description SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 819 SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 0 SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains' Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 0


Spatial_Reference_Information

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition
    Planar
        Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name:  EQUIRECTANGULAR
        Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 0
        Semi-major_Axis: 6370997.00000
        False_Easting:  30
        False_Northing:  0.00000
    Geodetic Model
        Horizontal_Datum_Name:  NONE
        Ellipsoid_Name:  Clarke 1866
        Semi-major_Axis: 6,378,206.4
        Denominator_of_Flattening: 294.98


Entity_and_Attribute_Information

Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: FOCMECS_MENA.PAT Entity_Type_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Entity_Type_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute: Attribute_Label: - Attribute_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Attribute_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: - Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Degenerate area of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Degenerate perimeter of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA# Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Computed Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sequential unique positive integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA-ID Attribute_Definition: User-assigned feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: User-defined Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_RAKE Attribute_Definition: dip and rake rounded to nearest ten degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: calculated from published dip and rake by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2-digit number, underscore, +/- 3-digit Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SYMBOL Attribute_Definition: symbol number for appropriate focal mechanism symbol Attribute_Definition_Source: assigned by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: longitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: latitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE Attribute_Definition: month, day, year Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: format is MM/DD/YY or M/D/YY Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: HOUR Attribute_Definition: hour time of event Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 - 23 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MIN Attribute_Definition: minute of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0-59 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SEC Attribute_Definition: second of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0.0 to 59.9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SECCOR Attribute_Definition: centroid time from the inversion measured from origin time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LAT Attribute_Definition: latitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LON Attribute_Definition: longitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CODE Attribute_Definition: source of epicenter information Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: MLI, PDE, ISC Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEPTH Attribute_Definition: depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE Attribute_Definition: strike for best double couple (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of strike Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP Attribute_Definition: dip for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 1 to 90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of dip Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE Attribute_Definition: rake for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P-T axes or nodal planes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integers -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: 1)standard deviation of rake OR 2)amount by which planes differ from orthogonal Attribute_Definition_Source: 1) published paper 2) Cornell GIS group (if calc. from PT or nodal planes) Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLIP_VEC Attribute_Definition: azimuth of slip vector relative to North Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-360 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE2 Attribute_Definition: strike of second nodal plane (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP2 Attribute_Definition: dip of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE2 Attribute_Definition: rake of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL1 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE1 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEA Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL2 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE2 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEB Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL3 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE3 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEC Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: T_MOMENT Attribute_Definition: scalar moment, to be multiplied by 10^EXPONENT Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EXPONENT Attribute_Definition: exponent of all moment values Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR Attribute_Definition: first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS Attribute_Definition: second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE Attribute_Definition: third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS Attribute_Definition: fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE Attribute_Definition: fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE Attribute_Definition: sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MB Attribute_Definition: body wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MS Attribute_Definition: surface wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MW Attribute_Definition: moment magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ML Attribute_Definition: local magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAG_GEN Attribute_Definition: earthquake magnitude (may be body wave, surface wave, moment, or local) Attribute_Definition_Source: selected from published magnitude types by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_STA Attribute_Definition: number of stations used to model focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_PWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of P-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_SWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of S-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ICUT Attribute_Definition: body-wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWSTA Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave stations used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWREC Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave records used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MICUT Attribute_Definition: mantle wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT Attribute_Definition: centroid latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON Attribute_Definition: centroid longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH Attribute_Definition: centroid depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid depth Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: METHOD Attribute_Definition: method of determining focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: first motions, body wave inversion Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AUTHOR Attribute_Definition: first initial and author of published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: not representable as a preset list Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: REFERENCE Attribute_Definition: abbreviated reference information of original published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: journal name, year, volume: pages Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS1 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS2 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: X-COORD Attribute_Definition: longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y-COORD Attribute_Definition: latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -90 to +90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Overview_Description Entity_and_Attribute_Overview Earthquake location, magnitude, depth, time, strike, dip, and rake, are attributes. Note that RAKE_ERR may be the original authors calculated standard error in rake, or may be the Cornell-determined deviation from nodal plane orthogonality. The latter case is so noted in COMMENTS1 or COMMENTS2. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Not Available


Distribution_Information


Metadata_Reference_Section

Metadata_Date: 19990223 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Contact_Organization: Contact_Position: Senior Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Cornell University Snee Hall Department of Geological Sciences City: Ithaca State_or_Province: NY Postal_Code: 14853 Country: U.S.A. Contact_Voice_Telephone: Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Hours_of_Service: 8:00 - 17:00 Eastern time Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Last modified: 99-03-08.10:54:33.Mon

Metadata for Middle East and North Africa Focal Mechanisms

Table of Contents

Identification_Information
     Abstract 
     Purpose 
     Supplemental Information 
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
     Detailed Description
     Overview 
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Section


Identification_Information

Citation_Information Originator: Cornell University GIS Group Publication_Date: 1999 Title: MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Cornell University /INSTOC Other_Citation_Details: compiled from published papers Online_Linkage: http://www.atlas.geo.cornell.edu

Description Abstract The dataset contains location, time, and focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in the North Africa and the Middle East. Solutions are included either because they differ from the CMT solution or because the earthquake predates Harvard CMT analysis (i.e., before 1977) or has a magnitude too small to apply CMT analysis (i.e., < 5.5). Purpose Supplemental_Information Procedures_Used Many researchers have calculated focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in North Africa and the Middle East, using first motions or body wave inversion. Focal mechanism solutions were assembled by the Cornell GIS group from published papers, graduate theses, and personal communications. Those with the P- and T-axes only, or strike and dip only of the two nodal planes, were converted to strike, dip, rake at Cornell using the Fortran program of John Gephart (personal communication). This program also calculates the number of degrees by which the nodal planes differ from orthogonality; this datum became the RAKE_ERR item. All data sets were put into a standard format and combined to make an Arc Info coverage. Revisions Reviews_Applied_to_Data Most solutions have been published (see references). When several sources analyze the same earthquake, the best solution (usually the most recent) was selected. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets References_Cited Cornell University GIS Group, 1998, MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms (= this ArcInfo coverage), , New York: Cornell University GIS group. http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu References Part I: We have copies of these papers on file. Abdel Fattah, Aki K., Hesham M. Hussein, Ezzeldien M. Ibrahim, and Ahmad S. Abu El Atta, 1997, Fault plane solutions of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes and their tectonic implications, Annali di Geofisica, 40(6): 1555-1564. Alptekin, Omer, 1973, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in western Turkey and their tectonic implications, PhD thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Anderson, Helen, and James Jackson, 1987, Active tectonics of the Adriatic Region, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 91(3): 937-983. Arieh, E., Y. Rotstein, and U. Peled, 1982, The Dead Sea earthquake of 23 April 1979, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(5): 1627-1634. Baker, Calum, James Jackson, and Keith Priestley, 1993, Earthquakes on the Kazerun Line in the Zagros Mountains of Iran: strike-slip faulting within a fold-and-thrust belt, Geophysical Journal International, 115(1): 41-61. Baker, Calum, Denis Hatzfeld, Helene Lyon-Caen, Elephteria Papadimitriou, and Alexis Rigo, 1997, Earthquake mechanisms of the Adriatic Sea and western Greece: Implications for the oceanic subduction-continental collision transition, Geophysical Journal International, 131(3): 559-594. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, and S. Arshadi, 1979a, Surface rupture and mechanism of the Bob-Tangol (southeastern Iran) earthquake of 19 December 1977, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 42(3): 456-462. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, R.G. Bilham, C.H. Scholz, and C. Soufleris, 1979b, Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 69(6): 1851-1859. Berberian, M., J.A. Jackson, M. Ghorashi, and M.H. Kadjar, 1984, Field and teleseismic observations of the 1981 Golbaf-Sirch earthquakes in SE Iran, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(3): 809-838. Berberian, M., M. Qorashi, J.A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and T. Wallace, 1992, The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NW Persia: Preliminary field and seismological observations, and its tectonic significance, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(4): 1726-1755. Buforn, E., C. Sanz de Galdeano and A. Udías, 1995, Seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Tectonophysics, 248(3-4): 247-261. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and R. Madariaga, 1991, Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 136(4): 375-393. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and M.A. Colombas, 1988, Seismicity, source mechanisms and tectonics of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Tectonophysics 152(1-2): 89-118. Byrne, Daniel E. and Lynn R. Sykes, 1992, Great thrust earthquakes and aseismic slip along the plate boundary of the Makran subduction zone, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(1): 449-478. Canitez, Nezihi and S. Balamir Ucer, 1967, Computer determinations for the fault-plane solutions in and near Anatolia, Tectonophysics, 4(3): 235-244. Canitez, N. and M.N. Toksoz, 1971, Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body and surface wave data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 61(5): 1369-1379. Chaimov, Thomas A. and , 1990, Crustal shortening in the Palmyride Fold Belt, Syria, and implications for movement along the Dead Sea fault system, Tectonics, 9(6): 1369-1386. Chandra, Umesh, 1984, Focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in Iran, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 34(1): 9-16. Comninakis, E., and C. Papazachos, 1972, Seismicity of the eastern Mediterranean and some tectonic features of the Mediterranean Ridge, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83(4): 1093-1102. Dlala, M., and M. Hfaiedh, 1993, Le seisme du 7 novembre 1989 a Metlaoui (Tunisie meriodonale): Une tectonique active en compression, Comptes Rendus de lAcademie des Sciences, Serie 2, 317(10): 1297-1302. El Alami, S.O., F. Medina and H. Jebli, 1992, Etude du seisme dAgadir du 5 avril 1992, GAIA, 5: 1-5. Eyidogan, Haluk and James Jackson, 1985, A seismological study of normal faulting in the Demirci, Alasehir and Gediz earthquakes of 1969-70 in western Turkey: Implications for the nature and geometry of deformation in the continental crust, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 81(3): 569-607. Fahmi, Khalid J., Mazin A.H. Al Salim, and Basil S. Ayar, 1986, Recent earthquake activity in the Lesser Zab region of northeastern Iraq, Tectonophysics, 131(1-2): 89-111. Frogneux, M., 1980, La sismicité marocaine de 1972 á 1978: Etude des parametres a la source des séismes proches, PhD thesis, Grenoble, France: Univ. Grenoble, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne, 131 pp. Fuenzalida, H., L. Dorbath, A. Cisternas, H. Eyidogan, A. Barka, L. Rivera, H. Haessler, H. Philip, and N. Lyberis, 1997, Mechanism of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake and its aftershocks, tectonics of the Erzincan Basin and decoupling on the North Anatolian Fault, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): 1-28. Girardin, N., D. Hatzfeld and R. Guiraud, 1978, La sismicité du nord de lAlgerie, Comptes Rendus sommaire du Société Géologique de France, 19, supplement 2: 95-100. Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1986, The Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary: Focal mechanisms, depths of earthquakes, and their tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research 91(2): 2029-2047. Gueddiche, M., H. Harjono, N. B. Ayed, M. Hfaiedh, M. Diament and J. Dubois, 1992, Analyse de la séismicité et mise en évidence daccidents actifs dans le nord de la Tunisie, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 163(4): 415-425. Hatzfeld, D., D. Kementzetzidou, V. Karakostas, M. Ziazia, S. Nothard, D. Diagourtas, A. Deschamps, G. Karakaisis, P. Papadimitriou, M. Scordilis, R. Smith, N. Voulgaris, S. Kiratzi, K. Makropoulos, M.P. Bouin, and P. Bernard., 1996, The Galaxidi earthquake of 18 November 1992: A possible asperity within the normal fault system of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6): 1987-1991. Hofstetter, A., T. van Eck, and A. Shapira, 1996, Seismic activity along fault branches of the Dead Sea-Jordan Transform System: The Carmel-Tirtza fault system, Tectonophysics, 267(1-4): 317-330. Jackson, James, and Dan McKenzie, 1984, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan Belt between western Turkey and Pakistan, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(1): 185-264. Jackson, James, and Graham Yielding, 1983, The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 91(1-2): 15-28. Jackson, J.A., J. Gagnepain, G. Houseman, G.C.P. King, P. Papadimitriou, C. Soufleris, and J. Virieux, 1982, Seismicity, normal faulting, and the geomorphological development of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece): the Corinth earthquakes of February and March 1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 57(2): 377-397. Jacob, Klaus H., and Richard L. Quittmeyer, 1979, The Makran region of Pakistan and Iran: Trench-arc system with active plate subduction, in Abul Farah and Kees A. DeJong, editors, Geodynamics of Pakistan, Quetta: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 1979. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1989, Estimation of earthquake source parameters of the May 4, 1972 event of the Hellenic Arc by the inversion of waveform data, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 57(3-4): 225-232. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1991(a), Moment tensor inversion of the 1983 January 17 Kefallinia event of Ionian Islands (Greece), Geophysical Journal International, 105(2): 529-535. Kiratzi, Anastasia, Gregory Wagner, and Charles Langston, 1991(b), Source parameters of some large earthquakes in northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 135(4): 515-527. Kiratzi, Anastasia A. and Constantinos B. Papazachos, 1995, Active crustal deformation from the Azores triple junction to the Middle East, Tectonophysics, 243(1-2): 1-24. Kristy, M.J., L.J. Burdick, and D.W. Simpson, 1980, The focal mechanisms of the Gazli, USSR, earthquakes, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(5): 1737-1750. Laane, Janet L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1989, The Makran earthquake of 1983 April 18: A possible analogue to the Puget Sound earthquake of 1965?, Geophysical Journal International, 98(1): 1-9. Lyon-Caen, H., R. Armijo, J. Drakopoulos, J. Baskoutass, N. Delibassis, R. Gaulon, V. Kouskouna, J. Latoussakis, K. Makropoulos, P. Papadimitriou, D. Papanastassiou, and G. Pedotti, 1988, he 1986 Kalamata (South Pelopennesus) earthquake: Detailed study of a normal fault, evidences for east-west extension in the Hellenic Arc, Journal of Geophysical Research, 93: 14967-15000. McKenzie, Dan, 1978, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55(1): 217-254. McKenzie, Dan, 1972, Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region, Royal Astronomical Society, Geophysical Journal, 30(2): 109-185. McKenzie, D.P., P. Davies, and P. Molnar, 1970, Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa, Nature, 226(5242): 243-248. Medina, Fida, 1995, Present-day state of stress in northern Morocco from focal mechanism analysis, Journal of Structural Geology, 17(7): 1035-1046. Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1991, Focal mechanisms of the Atlas earthquakes, and tectonic implications, Geoligische Rundschau, 80: 639-648. Meghraoui, M., A. Cisternas and H. Philip, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Lower Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) earthquake, Tectonics, 5(6): 809-836. Mezcua, J. and J. Rueda, 1997, Seismological evidence for a delamination process in the lithosphere under the Alboran Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): F1-F8. Nabelek, John, 1984, Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Inversion of Body Waves, PhD thesis, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ni, James, and , 1986, Seismotectonics of the Zagros continental collision zone and a comparison with the Himalayas, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(8): 8205-8218. Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino de Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. Pinar, Ali, and Niyazi Turkelli, 1997, Source inversion of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 283(1-4): 279-288. Pinar, Ali, 1998, Source inversion of the October 1, 1995, Dinar earthquake (Ms = 6.1): A rupture model with implications for seismotectonics in SW Turkey, Tectonophysics, 292(3-4): 255-266. Priestley, Keith, Calum Baker, and James Jackson, 1994, Implications of earthquake focal mechanism data for the active tectonics of the south Caspian Basin and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal International, 118(1): 111-141. Quittmeyer, Richard C. and Alan L. Kafka, 1984, Constraints on plate motions in southern Pakistan and the northern Arabian Sea from the focal mechanisms of small earthquakes, Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(4): 2444-2458. Saikia, C.K., H.K. Thio, B.B. Woods, X. Song, L. Zhu, and D.V. Helmberger, 1996, Path calibration, source estimation and regional discrimination for the Middle East and western Mediterranean, Woodward-Clyde Federal Services report PL-TR-96-2307 for Phillips Laboratory, Directorate of Geophysics, Air Force Materiel Command, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Sipkin, Stuart A., 1986, Interpretation of non-double-couple earthquake mechanisms derived from moment tensor inversion, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(1): 531-547. Stewart, Gordon S. and Hiroo Kanamori, 1982, Complexity of rupture in large strike-slip earthquakes in Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 28(1): 70-84. Suleiman, Abdunnur S. and Diane I. Doser, 1995, The seismicity, seismotectonics and earthquake hazards of Libya, with detailed analysis of the 1935 April 19, M = 7.1 earthquake sequence, Geophysical Journal International, 120(2): 312-322. Tadili, B.A., and M. Ramdani, 1986, La sismicité du Moyen Atlas, Gerlands Beitrift fur Geophysik, 95(6): 469-476. Taymaz, T., J. Jackson, and R. Westaway, 1990, Earthquake mechanisms in the Hellenic Trench near Crete, Geophysical Journal International, 102(3): 695-731. Taymaz, Tuncay, Haluk Eyidogan, and James Jackson, 1991(a), Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey), Geophysical Journal International, 106(3): 537-550. Taymaz, Tuncay, James Jackson, and Dan McKenzie, 1991(b), Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 106(2): 433-490. Taymaz, Tuncay and Simon Price, 1992, The 1971 May 12 Burdur earthquake sequence, SW Turkey: A synthesis of seismological and geological observations, Geophysical Journal International, 108(2): 589-603. Taymaz, Tuncay, 1993, The source parameters of the Cubukdag (W. Turkey) earthquake of 1986 October 11, Geophysical Journal International, 113(1): 260-267. Thio, Hong Kie, Xi Song, Chandan K. Saikia, Donald V. Helmberger, and Bradley B. Woods, 1999, Seismic source and structure estimation in the western Mediterranean using a sparse broadband network, Journal of Geophysical Research, 104: 845-861. Toksoz, M. Nafi, John Nabelek, and Esen Arpat, 1978, Source properties of the 1976 earthquake in east Turkey: A comparison of field data and teleseismic results, Tectonophysics, 49(3-4): 199-205. Triep, E.G., G.A. Abers, A.L. Lerner-Lam, V. Mishatkin, N. Zakharchenko, and O. Starovoit, 1995, Active thrust front of the Greater Caucasus: The April 29, 1991, Racha earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(3): 4011-4033. van Eck, Torild, and Abraham Hofstetter, 1990, Fault geometry and spatial clustering of microearthquakes along the Dead Sea-Jordan rift fault zone, Tectonophysics, 180(1): 15-27. Westaway, Rob, 1990, The Tripoli, Libya, earthquake of September 4, 1974: Implications for the Active tectonics of the central Mediterranean, Tectonics, 9(2): 231-248. Yielding, G., M. Ouyed, G.C.P. King, and D. Hatzfeld, 1989, Active tectonics of the Algerian Atlas Mountains--evidence from aftershocks of the 1980 El Asnam earthquake, Geophysical Journal International, 99(3): 761-788. Zhang, Jiajun, 1998, Inversion of surface wave spectra for source parameters of large earthquakes using aspherical earth models, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 107(4): 327-350. References Part II: We have events from these papers, but not the papers on file (because we took the data from another paper which cited the original). In the coverage, the original author and paper are listed as AUTHOR and REFERENCE attributes, respectively, and the citing paper that we actually have is mentioned in COMMENTS. Bounif, A., H. Haessler and M. Meghraoui, 1987, The Constantine (northeast Algeria) earthquake of October 27, 1985: Surface ruptures and aftershock study, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 85(4): 451-460. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., and A. Udías, 1991, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Gulf of Cádiz, south Spain and Alboran Sea, pp. 29-40 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., J. Mézcua and A. Udías, 1988a, Mecanismo focal del terremoto del cabo de San Vicente de 20 de octubre 1986, Revista Geofísica, 44(1): 109-112. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., A. Udías and J. Mézcua, 1988c, Seismicity and focal mechanisms in south Spain, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 78(6): 2008-2024. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Cipar, J., 1980, Teleseismic observations of the 1976 Friuli, Italy earthquake sequence, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(4): 963-983. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Cisternas, A., J. Dorel and R. Gaulong, 1982, Models of the complex source of the El Asnam earthquake, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72: 2245-2266. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Coca, P., and E. Buforn, 1994, Mecanismos focales en el sur de España; periodo 1965-1985, Estudios Geologicos, 50(1-2): 33-45. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Deschamps, A., Y. Gaudemer and A. Cisternas, 1982, The El Asnam, Algeria, earthquake of 10 October 1980: Multiple-source mechanism determined from long-period records, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(4): 1111-1128. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1988, Source mechanisms of four recent earthquakes along the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 92(3): 391-401. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Hatzfeld, D., 1978, Étude sismotectonique de la zone de collision Ibéro-Maghrébian, State Thesis, Grenoble, 281. (Cited in Medina, 1995, and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) IGN Data File (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995 and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998. IGN = Inst. Geogr. Nacional, Madrid, Spain.) ISC Jackson, J., and D. McKenzie, 1988, The relationship between plate motions and seismic moment tensors, and the rates of active deformation in the Mediterranean and Middle East, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 93(1): 45-73. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Jiménez, E., 1991, Focal mechanisms of some European earthquakes from the analysis of single station long-periods records, pp. 87-96 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Liotier, Y., 1989, Modelisation des ondes de volume ses seismes de larc Egeen. Formation de 3e Cycle, UFR de Mechanique, Univ. Joseph Fourier de Grenoble 1. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1992, Mécanismes au foyer des séismes du Maroc et des régions voisines (1959-1986): Conséquences tectoniques, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 85(2): 433-457. (Cited in Medina, 1995.) Moreira, V.S., 1991, Historical seismicity and seismotectonics of the area situated between the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco, Selvanges and Azores Islands, Seismicity, pp. 213-225 in Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Ouyed, M., M. Meghraoui, A. Cisternas, A. Deschamp, J. Dorel, J. Frechet, R. Raulon, D. Hatzfeld and H. Philip, 1981, Seismotectonics of the El Asnam earthquake, Nature, 292(5818): 26-31. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, B.C., A. Kiratzi, B. Karacostas, D. Panagiotopoulos, E. Scordilis, and D. Mountrakis, 1988, Surface fault traces, fault plane solution and spatial distribution of the aftershocks of the September 13, 1986 earthquake of Kalamata (southern Greece), Pure and Applied Geophysics, 126(1): 55-68. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, C., A.A. Kiratzi, and B.C. Papazachos, 1992, Rates of active crustal deformation in the Aegean and the surrounding area, Joural of Geodynamics, 16(3): 147-179. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Ritsema, A., 1974, The earthquake mechanisms of the Balkan region, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Sct. Report., 74-4. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Rueda, J., J. Mézcua, E. Buforn and J. Galán, 1992, Estudio del terremoto de 13 de Septiembre de 1984 en la Sierra de Alhamilla y su serie de réplicas, Revista Geofísica, 48(1): 87-95. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Shirokova, E., 1972, Stress pattern and probable motion in the earthquake foci of the Asia-Mediterranean seismic belt, in L.M. Balakina et al. (editors), Elastic Strain Field of the Earth and Mechanisms of Earthquake Sources. (Seismology 8.) Nauka, Moscow. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Shirokova, Y.I., 1967, Obshchiye zamonomernosti v oriyentatsii glavnykh napryazheniy v ochagkh zemletryaseniy srednezemnomorsko - aziatskogo seysmicheskogo poyasa, Akad. nauk sssr izv. fizika semli, 1: 22-36. (Cited in Meghraoui et al., 1986.) Udías, A. López-Arroyo and J. Mezcua, 1976, Seismotectonics of the Azores-Alboran region, Tectonophysics, 31: 259-289. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Vidal, F., 1986, Sismotectónica de la región Béticas-Mar de Alborán, 450. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Westaway, Rob, 1987, The Campania, southern Italy, earthquakes of 1962 August 21, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 88(1): 1-24. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Notes Time_Period_of_Content Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 1908 Ending_Date: present Currentness_Reference Time_Period_of_Content is the range of earthquake dates included in the coverage. Status Progress: published on web Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency None planned. Spatial_Domain Bounding_Coordinates West_Bounding_Coordinate: -35.90000173 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 74.44000213 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.36000115 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.11999994

Keywords Theme Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Place Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Middle East and North Africa Stratum Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Temporal Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword:

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Data_Quality_Information

Attribute_Accuracy Attribute_Accuracy_Report: See Entity_Attribute_Information

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment Attribute_Accuracy_Value: See Explanation Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section.

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Entity_and_Attribute_Information

Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: FOCMECS_MENA.PAT Entity_Type_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Entity_Type_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute: Attribute_Label: - Attribute_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Attribute_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: - Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Degenerate area of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Degenerate perimeter of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA# Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Computed Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sequential unique positive integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA-ID Attribute_Definition: User-assigned feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: User-defined Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_RAKE Attribute_Definition: dip and rake rounded to nearest ten degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: calculated from published dip and rake by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2-digit number, underscore, +/- 3-digit Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SYMBOL Attribute_Definition: symbol number for appropriate focal mechanism symbol Attribute_Definition_Source: assigned by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: longitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: latitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE Attribute_Definition: month, day, year Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: format is MM/DD/YY or M/D/YY Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: HOUR Attribute_Definition: hour time of event Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 - 23 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MIN Attribute_Definition: minute of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0-59 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SEC Attribute_Definition: second of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0.0 to 59.9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SECCOR Attribute_Definition: centroid time from the inversion measured from origin time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LAT Attribute_Definition: latitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LON Attribute_Definition: longitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CODE Attribute_Definition: source of epicenter information Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: MLI, PDE, ISC Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEPTH Attribute_Definition: depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE Attribute_Definition: strike for best double couple (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of strike Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP Attribute_Definition: dip for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 1 to 90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of dip Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE Attribute_Definition: rake for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P-T axes or nodal planes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integers -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: 1)standard deviation of rake OR 2)amount by which planes differ from orthogonal Attribute_Definition_Source: 1) published paper 2) Cornell GIS group (if calc. from PT or nodal planes) Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLIP_VEC Attribute_Definition: azimuth of slip vector relative to North Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-360 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE2 Attribute_Definition: strike of second nodal plane (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP2 Attribute_Definition: dip of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE2 Attribute_Definition: rake of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL1 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE1 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEA Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL2 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE2 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEB Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL3 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE3 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEC Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: T_MOMENT Attribute_Definition: scalar moment, to be multiplied by 10^EXPONENT Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EXPONENT Attribute_Definition: exponent of all moment values Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR Attribute_Definition: first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS Attribute_Definition: second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE Attribute_Definition: third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS Attribute_Definition: fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE Attribute_Definition: fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE Attribute_Definition: sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MB Attribute_Definition: body wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MS Attribute_Definition: surface wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MW Attribute_Definition: moment magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ML Attribute_Definition: local magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAG_GEN Attribute_Definition: earthquake magnitude (may be body wave, surface wave, moment, or local) Attribute_Definition_Source: selected from published magnitude types by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_STA Attribute_Definition: number of stations used to model focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_PWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of P-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_SWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of S-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ICUT Attribute_Definition: body-wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWSTA Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave stations used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWREC Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave records used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MICUT Attribute_Definition: mantle wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT Attribute_Definition: centroid latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON Attribute_Definition: centroid longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH Attribute_Definition: centroid depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid depth Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: METHOD Attribute_Definition: method of determining focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: first motions, body wave inversion Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AUTHOR Attribute_Definition: first initial and author of published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: not representable as a preset list Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: REFERENCE Attribute_Definition: abbreviated reference information of original published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: journal name, year, volume: pages Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS1 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS2 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: X-COORD Attribute_Definition: longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y-COORD Attribute_Definition: latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -90 to +90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Overview_Description Entity_and_Attribute_Overview Earthquake location, magnitude, depth, time, strike, dip, and rake, are attributes. Note that RAKE_ERR may be the original authors calculated standard error in rake, or may be the Cornell-determined deviation from nodal plane orthogonality. The latter case is so noted in COMMENTS1 or COMMENTS2. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Not Available


Distribution_Information


Metadata_Reference_Section

Metadata_Date: 19990223 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Contact_Organization: Contact_Position: Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: City: State_or_Province Postal_Code: Country: Contact_Voice_Telephone: Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Hours_of_Service: 8:00 - 17:00 Eastern time Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Last modified: 99-03-08.10:54:33.Mon

Metadata for Middle East and North Africa Focal Mechanisms

Table of Contents

Identification_Information
     Abstract 
     Purpose 
     Supplemental Information 
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
     Detailed Description
     Overview 
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Section


Identification_Information

Citation_Information Originator: Cornell University GIS Group Publication_Date: 1999 Title: MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Cornell University /INSTOC Other_Citation_Details: compiled from published papers Online_Linkage: http://www.atlas.geo.cornell.edu

Description Abstract The dataset contains location, time, and focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in the North Africa and the Middle East. Solutions are included either because they differ from the CMT solution or because the earthquake predates Harvard CMT analysis (i.e., before 1977) or has a magnitude too small to apply CMT analysis (i.e., < 5.5). Purpose Supplemental_Information Procedures_Used Many researchers have calculated focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in North Africa and the Middle East, using first motions or body wave inversion. Focal mechanism solutions were assembled by the Cornell GIS group from published papers, graduate theses, and personal communications. Those with the P- and T-axes only, or strike and dip only of the two nodal planes, were converted to strike, dip, rake at Cornell using the Fortran program of John Gephart (personal communication). This program also calculates the number of degrees by which the nodal planes differ from orthogonality; this datum became the RAKE_ERR item. All data sets were put into a standard format and combined to make an Arc Info coverage. Revisions Reviews_Applied_to_Data Most solutions have been published (see references). When several sources analyze the same earthquake, the best solution (usually the most recent) was selected. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets References_Cited Cornell University GIS Group, 1998, MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms (= this ArcInfo coverage), , New York: Cornell University GIS group. http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu References Part I: We have copies of these papers on file. Abdel Fattah, Aki K., Hesham M. Hussein, Ezzeldien M. Ibrahim, and Ahmad S. Abu El Atta, 1997, Fault plane solutions of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes and their tectonic implications, Annali di Geofisica, 40(6): 1555-1564. Alptekin, Omer, 1973, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in western Turkey and their tectonic implications, PhD thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Anderson, Helen, and James Jackson, 1987, Active tectonics of the Adriatic Region, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 91(3): 937-983. Arieh, E., Y. Rotstein, and U. Peled, 1982, The Dead Sea earthquake of 23 April 1979, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(5): 1627-1634. Baker, Calum, James Jackson, and Keith Priestley, 1993, Earthquakes on the Kazerun Line in the Zagros Mountains of Iran: strike-slip faulting within a fold-and-thrust belt, Geophysical Journal International, 115(1): 41-61. Baker, Calum, Denis Hatzfeld, Helene Lyon-Caen, Elephteria Papadimitriou, and Alexis Rigo, 1997, Earthquake mechanisms of the Adriatic Sea and western Greece: Implications for the oceanic subduction-continental collision transition, Geophysical Journal International, 131(3): 559-594. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, and S. Arshadi, 1979a, Surface rupture and mechanism of the Bob-Tangol (southeastern Iran) earthquake of 19 December 1977, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 42(3): 456-462. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, R.G. Bilham, C.H. Scholz, and C. Soufleris, 1979b, Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 69(6): 1851-1859. Berberian, M., J.A. Jackson, M. Ghorashi, and M.H. Kadjar, 1984, Field and teleseismic observations of the 1981 Golbaf-Sirch earthquakes in SE Iran, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(3): 809-838. Berberian, M., M. Qorashi, J.A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and T. Wallace, 1992, The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NW Persia: Preliminary field and seismological observations, and its tectonic significance, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(4): 1726-1755. Buforn, E., C. Sanz de Galdeano and A. Udías, 1995, Seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Tectonophysics, 248(3-4): 247-261. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and R. Madariaga, 1991, Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 136(4): 375-393. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and M.A. Colombas, 1988, Seismicity, source mechanisms and tectonics of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Tectonophysics 152(1-2): 89-118. Byrne, Daniel E. and Lynn R. Sykes, 1992, Great thrust earthquakes and aseismic slip along the plate boundary of the Makran subduction zone, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(1): 449-478. Canitez, Nezihi and S. Balamir Ucer, 1967, Computer determinations for the fault-plane solutions in and near Anatolia, Tectonophysics, 4(3): 235-244. Canitez, N. and M.N. Toksoz, 1971, Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body and surface wave data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 61(5): 1369-1379. Chaimov, Thomas A. and , 1990, Crustal shortening in the Palmyride Fold Belt, Syria, and implications for movement along the Dead Sea fault system, Tectonics, 9(6): 1369-1386. Chandra, Umesh, 1984, Focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in Iran, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 34(1): 9-16. Comninakis, E., and C. Papazachos, 1972, Seismicity of the eastern Mediterranean and some tectonic features of the Mediterranean Ridge, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83(4): 1093-1102. Dlala, M., and M. Hfaiedh, 1993, Le seisme du 7 novembre 1989 a Metlaoui (Tunisie meriodonale): Une tectonique active en compression, Comptes Rendus de lAcademie des Sciences, Serie 2, 317(10): 1297-1302. El Alami, S.O., F. Medina and H. Jebli, 1992, Etude du seisme dAgadir du 5 avril 1992, GAIA, 5: 1-5. Eyidogan, Haluk and James Jackson, 1985, A seismological study of normal faulting in the Demirci, Alasehir and Gediz earthquakes of 1969-70 in western Turkey: Implications for the nature and geometry of deformation in the continental crust, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 81(3): 569-607. Fahmi, Khalid J., Mazin A.H. Al Salim, and Basil S. Ayar, 1986, Recent earthquake activity in the Lesser Zab region of northeastern Iraq, Tectonophysics, 131(1-2): 89-111. Frogneux, M., 1980, La sismicité marocaine de 1972 á 1978: Etude des parametres a la source des séismes proches, PhD thesis, Grenoble, France: Univ. Grenoble, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne, 131 pp. Fuenzalida, H., L. Dorbath, A. Cisternas, H. Eyidogan, A. Barka, L. Rivera, H. Haessler, H. Philip, and N. Lyberis, 1997, Mechanism of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake and its aftershocks, tectonics of the Erzincan Basin and decoupling on the North Anatolian Fault, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): 1-28. Girardin, N., D. Hatzfeld and R. Guiraud, 1978, La sismicité du nord de lAlgerie, Comptes Rendus sommaire du Société Géologique de France, 19, supplement 2: 95-100. Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1986, The Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary: Focal mechanisms, depths of earthquakes, and their tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research 91(2): 2029-2047. Gueddiche, M., H. Harjono, N. B. Ayed, M. Hfaiedh, M. Diament and J. Dubois, 1992, Analyse de la séismicité et mise en évidence daccidents actifs dans le nord de la Tunisie, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 163(4): 415-425. Hatzfeld, D., D. Kementzetzidou, V. Karakostas, M. Ziazia, S. Nothard, D. Diagourtas, A. Deschamps, G. Karakaisis, P. Papadimitriou, M. Scordilis, R. Smith, N. Voulgaris, S. Kiratzi, K. Makropoulos, M.P. Bouin, and P. Bernard., 1996, The Galaxidi earthquake of 18 November 1992: A possible asperity within the normal fault system of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6): 1987-1991. Hofstetter, A., T. van Eck, and A. Shapira, 1996, Seismic activity along fault branches of the Dead Sea-Jordan Transform System: The Carmel-Tirtza fault system, Tectonophysics, 267(1-4): 317-330. Jackson, James, and Dan McKenzie, 1984, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan Belt between western Turkey and Pakistan, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(1): 185-264. Jackson, James, and Graham Yielding, 1983, The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 91(1-2): 15-28. Jackson, J.A., J. Gagnepain, G. Houseman, G.C.P. King, P. Papadimitriou, C. Soufleris, and J. Virieux, 1982, Seismicity, normal faulting, and the geomorphological development of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece): the Corinth earthquakes of February and March 1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 57(2): 377-397. Jacob, Klaus H., and Richard L. Quittmeyer, 1979, The Makran region of Pakistan and Iran: Trench-arc system with active plate subduction, in Abul Farah and Kees A. DeJong, editors, Geodynamics of Pakistan, Quetta: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 1979. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1989, Estimation of earthquake source parameters of the May 4, 1972 event of the Hellenic Arc by the inversion of waveform data, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 57(3-4): 225-232. Kiratzi, Anastasia and Charles Langston, 1991(a), Moment tensor inversion of the 1983 January 17 Kefallinia event of Ionian Islands (Greece), Geophysical Journal International, 105(2): 529-535. Kiratzi, Anastasia, Gregory Wagner, and Charles Langston, 1991(b), Source parameters of some large earthquakes in northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 135(4): 515-527. Kiratzi, Anastasia A. and Constantinos B. Papazachos, 1995, Active crustal deformation from the Azores triple junction to the Middle East, Tectonophysics, 243(1-2): 1-24. Kristy, M.J., L.J. Burdick, and D.W. Simpson, 1980, The focal mechanisms of the Gazli, USSR, earthquakes, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(5): 1737-1750. Laane, Janet L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1989, The Makran earthquake of 1983 April 18: A possible analogue to the Puget Sound earthquake of 1965?, Geophysical Journal International, 98(1): 1-9. Lyon-Caen, H., R. Armijo, J. Drakopoulos, J. Baskoutass, N. Delibassis, R. Gaulon, V. Kouskouna, J. Latoussakis, K. Makropoulos, P. Papadimitriou, D. Papanastassiou, and G. Pedotti, 1988, he 1986 Kalamata (South Pelopennesus) earthquake: Detailed study of a normal fault, evidences for east-west extension in the Hellenic Arc, Journal of Geophysical Research, 93: 14967-15000. McKenzie, Dan, 1978, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55(1): 217-254. McKenzie, Dan, 1972, Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region, Royal Astronomical Society, Geophysical Journal, 30(2): 109-185. McKenzie, D.P., P. Davies, and P. Molnar, 1970, Plate tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa, Nature, 226(5242): 243-248. Medina, Fida, 1995, Present-day state of stress in northern Morocco from focal mechanism analysis, Journal of Structural Geology, 17(7): 1035-1046. Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1991, Focal mechanisms of the Atlas earthquakes, and tectonic implications, Geoligische Rundschau, 80: 639-648. Meghraoui, M., A. Cisternas and H. Philip, 1986, Seismotectonics of the Lower Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) earthquake, Tectonics, 5(6): 809-836. Mezcua, J. and J. Rueda, 1997, Seismological evidence for a delamination process in the lithosphere under the Alboran Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): F1-F8. Nabelek, John, 1984, Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Inversion of Body Waves, PhD thesis, Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ni, James, and , 1986, Seismotectonics of the Zagros continental collision zone and a comparison with the Himalayas, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(8): 8205-8218. Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino de Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. Pinar, Ali, and Niyazi Turkelli, 1997, Source inversion of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 283(1-4): 279-288. Pinar, Ali, 1998, Source inversion of the October 1, 1995, Dinar earthquake (Ms = 6.1): A rupture model with implications for seismotectonics in SW Turkey, Tectonophysics, 292(3-4): 255-266. Priestley, Keith, Calum Baker, and James Jackson, 1994, Implications of earthquake focal mechanism data for the active tectonics of the south Caspian Basin and surrounding regions, Geophysical Journal International, 118(1): 111-141. Quittmeyer, Richard C. and Alan L. Kafka, 1984, Constraints on plate motions in southern Pakistan and the northern Arabian Sea from the focal mechanisms of small earthquakes, Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(4): 2444-2458. Saikia, C.K., H.K. Thio, B.B. Woods, X. Song, L. Zhu, and D.V. Helmberger, 1996, Path calibration, source estimation and regional discrimination for the Middle East and western Mediterranean, Woodward-Clyde Federal Services report PL-TR-96-2307 for Phillips Laboratory, Directorate of Geophysics, Air Force Materiel Command, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Sipkin, Stuart A., 1986, Interpretation of non-double-couple earthquake mechanisms derived from moment tensor inversion, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(1): 531-547. Stewart, Gordon S. and Hiroo Kanamori, 1982, Complexity of rupture in large strike-slip earthquakes in Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 28(1): 70-84. Suleiman, Abdunnur S. and Diane I. Doser, 1995, The seismicity, seismotectonics and earthquake hazards of Libya, with detailed analysis of the 1935 April 19, M = 7.1 earthquake sequence, Geophysical Journal International, 120(2): 312-322. Tadili, B.A., and M. Ramdani, 1986, La sismicité du Moyen Atlas, Gerlands Beitrift fur Geophysik, 95(6): 469-476. Taymaz, T., J. Jackson, and R. Westaway, 1990, Earthquake mechanisms in the Hellenic Trench near Crete, Geophysical Journal International, 102(3): 695-731. Taymaz, Tuncay, Haluk Eyidogan, and James Jackson, 1991(a), Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey), Geophysical Journal International, 106(3): 537-550. Taymaz, Tuncay, James Jackson, and Dan McKenzie, 1991(b), Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 106(2): 433-490. Taymaz, Tuncay and Simon Price, 1992, The 1971 May 12 Burdur earthquake sequence, SW Turkey: A synthesis of seismological and geological observations, Geophysical Journal International, 108(2): 589-603. Taymaz, Tuncay, 1993, The source parameters of the Cubukdag (W. Turkey) earthquake of 1986 October 11, Geophysical Journal International, 113(1): 260-267. Thio, Hong Kie, Xi Song, Chandan K. Saikia, Donald V. Helmberger, and Bradley B. Woods, 1999, Seismic source and structure estimation in the western Mediterranean using a sparse broadband network, Journal of Geophysical Research, 104: 845-861. Toksoz, M. Nafi, John Nabelek, and Esen Arpat, 1978, Source properties of the 1976 earthquake in east Turkey: A comparison of field data and teleseismic results, Tectonophysics, 49(3-4): 199-205. Triep, E.G., G.A. Abers, A.L. Lerner-Lam, V. Mishatkin, N. Zakharchenko, and O. Starovoit, 1995, Active thrust front of the Greater Caucasus: The April 29, 1991, Racha earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(3): 4011-4033. van Eck, Torild, and Abraham Hofstetter, 1990, Fault geometry and spatial clustering of microearthquakes along the Dead Sea-Jordan rift fault zone, Tectonophysics, 180(1): 15-27. Westaway, Rob, 1990, The Tripoli, Libya, earthquake of September 4, 1974: Implications for the Active tectonics of the central Mediterranean, Tectonics, 9(2): 231-248. Yielding, G., M. Ouyed, G.C.P. King, and D. Hatzfeld, 1989, Active tectonics of the Algerian Atlas Mountains--evidence from aftershocks of the 1980 El Asnam earthquake, Geophysical Journal International, 99(3): 761-788. Zhang, Jiajun, 1998, Inversion of surface wave spectra for source parameters of large earthquakes using aspherical earth models, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 107(4): 327-350. References Part II: We have events from these papers, but not the papers on file (because we took the data from another paper which cited the original). In the coverage, the original author and paper are listed as AUTHOR and REFERENCE attributes, respectively, and the citing paper that we actually have is mentioned in COMMENTS. Bounif, A., H. Haessler and M. Meghraoui, 1987, The Constantine (northeast Algeria) earthquake of October 27, 1985: Surface ruptures and aftershock study, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 85(4): 451-460. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., and A. Udías, 1991, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Gulf of Cádiz, south Spain and Alboran Sea, pp. 29-40 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., J. Mézcua and A. Udías, 1988a, Mecanismo focal del terremoto del cabo de San Vicente de 20 de octubre 1986, Revista Geofísica, 44(1): 109-112. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Buforn, E., A. Udías and J. Mézcua, 1988c, Seismicity and focal mechanisms in south Spain, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 78(6): 2008-2024. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Cipar, J., 1980, Teleseismic observations of the 1976 Friuli, Italy earthquake sequence, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70(4): 963-983. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Cisternas, A., J. Dorel and R. Gaulong, 1982, Models of the complex source of the El Asnam earthquake, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72: 2245-2266. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Coca, P., and E. Buforn, 1994, Mecanismos focales en el sur de España; periodo 1965-1985, Estudios Geologicos, 50(1-2): 33-45. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Deschamps, A., Y. Gaudemer and A. Cisternas, 1982, The El Asnam, Algeria, earthquake of 10 October 1980: Multiple-source mechanism determined from long-period records, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(4): 1111-1128. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1988, Source mechanisms of four recent earthquakes along the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 92(3): 391-401. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Hatzfeld, D., 1978, Étude sismotectonique de la zone de collision Ibéro-Maghrébian, State Thesis, Grenoble, 281. (Cited in Medina, 1995, and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) IGN Data File (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995 and Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998. IGN = Inst. Geogr. Nacional, Madrid, Spain.) ISC Jackson, J., and D. McKenzie, 1988, The relationship between plate motions and seismic moment tensors, and the rates of active deformation in the Mediterranean and Middle East, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 93(1): 45-73. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Jiménez, E., 1991, Focal mechanisms of some European earthquakes from the analysis of single station long-periods records, pp. 87-96 in Seismicity, Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Bezzeghoud & Bouforn, 1998.) Liotier, Y., 1989, Modelisation des ondes de volume ses seismes de larc Egeen. Formation de 3e Cycle, UFR de Mechanique, Univ. Joseph Fourier de Grenoble 1. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Medina, F., and T.-E. Cherkaoui, 1992, Mécanismes au foyer des séismes du Maroc et des régions voisines (1959-1986): Conséquences tectoniques, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 85(2): 433-457. (Cited in Medina, 1995.) Moreira, V.S., 1991, Historical seismicity and seismotectonics of the area situated between the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco, Selvanges and Azores Islands, Seismicity, pp. 213-225 in Seismotectonics and Seismic Risk of the Ibero-Maghrebian Region, volume 8 of Monografias - Instituto Geografico Nacional, Madrid: Instituto Geografico Nacional. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Ouyed, M., M. Meghraoui, A. Cisternas, A. Deschamp, J. Dorel, J. Frechet, R. Raulon, D. Hatzfeld and H. Philip, 1981, Seismotectonics of the El Asnam earthquake, Nature, 292(5818): 26-31. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Papadimitriou, E.E., 1993, Focal mechanism along the convex side of the Hellenic Arc, Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 35(140): 401-426. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, B.C., A. Kiratzi, B. Karacostas, D. Panagiotopoulos, E. Scordilis, and D. Mountrakis, 1988, Surface fault traces, fault plane solution and spatial distribution of the aftershocks of the September 13, 1986 earthquake of Kalamata (southern Greece), Pure and Applied Geophysics, 126(1): 55-68. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Papazachos, C., A.A. Kiratzi, and B.C. Papazachos, 1992, Rates of active crustal deformation in the Aegean and the surrounding area, Joural of Geodynamics, 16(3): 147-179. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Ritsema, A., 1974, The earthquake mechanisms of the Balkan region, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Sct. Report., 74-4. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Rueda, J., J. Mézcua, E. Buforn and J. Galán, 1992, Estudio del terremoto de 13 de Septiembre de 1984 en la Sierra de Alhamilla y su serie de réplicas, Revista Geofísica, 48(1): 87-95. (Cited in Buforn et al., 1995.) Shirokova, E., 1972, Stress pattern and probable motion in the earthquake foci of the Asia-Mediterranean seismic belt, in L.M. Balakina et al. (editors), Elastic Strain Field of the Earth and Mechanisms of Earthquake Sources. (Seismology 8.) Nauka, Moscow. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Shirokova, Y.I., 1967, Obshchiye zamonomernosti v oriyentatsii glavnykh napryazheniy v ochagkh zemletryaseniy srednezemnomorsko - aziatskogo seysmicheskogo poyasa, Akad. nauk sssr izv. fizika semli, 1: 22-36. (Cited in Meghraoui et al., 1986.) Udías, A. López-Arroyo and J. Mezcua, 1976, Seismotectonics of the Azores-Alboran region, Tectonophysics, 31: 259-289. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Vidal, F., 1986, Sismotectónica de la región Béticas-Mar de Alborán, 450. (Cited in Galindo-Zaldivar et al., 1993.) Westaway, Rob, 1987, The Campania, southern Italy, earthquakes of 1962 August 21, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 88(1): 1-24. (Cited in Kiratzi, 1995.) Notes Time_Period_of_Content Range_of_Dates/Times Beginning_Date: 1908 Ending_Date: present Currentness_Reference Time_Period_of_Content is the range of earthquake dates included in the coverage. Status Progress: published on web Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency None planned. Spatial_Domain Bounding_Coordinates West_Bounding_Coordinate: -35.90000173 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 74.44000213 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.36000115 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.11999994

Keywords Theme Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Place Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Middle East and North Africa Stratum Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Temporal Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword:

Access_Constraints Contains copyrighted data. Use_Constraints Most data are from copyrighted publications. Point_of_Contact: See Distribution_Information for contact information.

Data_Set_Credit Security_Information Security_Classification_System: None Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Security_Handling_Description: None

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Data_Quality_Information

Attribute_Accuracy Attribute_Accuracy_Report: See Entity_Attribute_Information

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment Attribute_Accuracy_Value: See Explanation Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Point features present.

Completeness_Report Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Varies; see original reference. Lineage: See Supplemental_Information for overview.

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Entity_and_Attribute_Information

Detailed_Description Entity_Type Entity_Type_Label: FOCMECS_MENA.PAT Entity_Type_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Entity_Type_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute: Attribute_Label: - Attribute_Definition: earthquake location, magnitude, fault plane solution, error Attribute_Definition_Source: published papers Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: - Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Degenerate area of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Degenerate perimeter of point Attribute_Definition_Source: Assigned Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA# Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: Computed Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sequential unique positive integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: FOCMECS_MENA-ID Attribute_Definition: User-assigned feature number Attribute_Definition_Source: User-defined Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Integer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_RAKE Attribute_Definition: dip and rake rounded to nearest ten degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: calculated from published dip and rake by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2-digit number, underscore, +/- 3-digit Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SYMBOL Attribute_Definition: symbol number for appropriate focal mechanism symbol Attribute_Definition_Source: assigned by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LONGITUDE Attribute_Definition: longitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LATITUDE Attribute_Definition: latitude of epicenter, in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DATE Attribute_Definition: month, day, year Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: format is MM/DD/YY or M/D/YY Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: HOUR Attribute_Definition: hour time of event Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 - 23 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MIN Attribute_Definition: minute of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0-59 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SEC Attribute_Definition: second of event time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0.0 to 59.9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SECCOR Attribute_Definition: centroid time from the inversion measured from origin time Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LAT Attribute_Definition: latitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: LON Attribute_Definition: longitude of the epicenter in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CODE Attribute_Definition: source of epicenter information Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: MLI, PDE, ISC Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DEPTH Attribute_Definition: depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE Attribute_Definition: strike for best double couple (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of strike Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP Attribute_Definition: dip for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P and T axes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integer 1 to 90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of dip Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE Attribute_Definition: rake for best double couple (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper OR calculated from P-T axes or nodal planes by Cornell Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: integers -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE_ERR Attribute_Definition: 1)standard deviation of rake OR 2)amount by which planes differ from orthogonal Attribute_Definition_Source: 1) published paper 2) Cornell GIS group (if calc. from PT or nodal planes) Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLIP_VEC Attribute_Definition: azimuth of slip vector relative to North Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1-360 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKE2 Attribute_Definition: strike of second nodal plane (Aki & Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIP2 Attribute_Definition: dip of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 to 359 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: RAKE2 Attribute_Definition: rake of second nodal plane (Aki and Richards convention for fault angles) Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL1 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE1 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEA Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 1 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL2 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE2 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEB Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 2 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EIGVAL3 Attribute_Definition: eigenvalue of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: PLUNGE3 Attribute_Definition: plunge of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: STRIKEC Attribute_Definition: strike of eigenvector 3 Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: T_MOMENT Attribute_Definition: scalar moment, to be multiplied by 10^EXPONENT Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: EXPONENT Attribute_Definition: exponent of all moment values Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR Attribute_Definition: first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRR_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of first moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS Attribute_Definition: second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of second moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE Attribute_Definition: third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MEE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of third moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS Attribute_Definition: fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRS_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fourth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE Attribute_Definition: fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MRE_ERR Attribute_Definition: error of fifth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE Attribute_Definition: sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MSE_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of sixth moment tensor element Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MB Attribute_Definition: body wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MS Attribute_Definition: surface wave magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MW Attribute_Definition: moment magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ML Attribute_Definition: local magnitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MAG_GEN Attribute_Definition: earthquake magnitude (may be body wave, surface wave, moment, or local) Attribute_Definition_Source: selected from published magnitude types by Cornell GIS group Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_STA Attribute_Definition: number of stations used to model focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_PWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of P-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_SWAVE Attribute_Definition: number of S-wave stations used to model the focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: ICUT Attribute_Definition: body-wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWSTA Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave stations used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MWREC Attribute_Definition: number of mantle wave records used in the inversion Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: MICUT Attribute_Definition: mantle wave cutoff in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT Attribute_Definition: centroid latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLAT_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON Attribute_Definition: centroid longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CLON_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH Attribute_Definition: centroid depth in km Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: CDEPTH_ERR Attribute_Definition: standard error of centroid depth Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: METHOD Attribute_Definition: method of determining focal mechanism Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: first motions, body wave inversion Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: AUTHOR Attribute_Definition: first initial and author of published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: not representable as a preset list Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: REFERENCE Attribute_Definition: abbreviated reference information of original published paper Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: journal name, year, volume: pages Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS1 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: COMMENTS2 Attribute_Definition: comments Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: X-COORD Attribute_Definition: longitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -180 to +180 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y-COORD Attribute_Definition: latitude in decimal degrees Attribute_Definition_Source: published paper Attribute_Domain_Values Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: -90 to +90 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Overview_Description Entity_and_Attribute_Overview Earthquake location, magnitude, depth, time, strike, dip, and rake, are attributes. Note that RAKE_ERR may be the original authors calculated standard error in rake, or may be the Cornell-determined deviation from nodal plane orthogonality. The latter case is so noted in COMMENTS1 or COMMENTS2. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Not Available


Distribution_Information


Metadata_Reference_Section

Metadata_Date: 19990223 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Contact_Organization: Contact_Position: Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: City: State_or_Province Postal_Code: Country: Contact_Voice_Telephone: Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Hours_of_Service: 8:00 - 17:00 Eastern time Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Last modified: 99-03-08.10:54:33.Mon

Metadata for Middle East and North Africa Focal Mechanisms

Table of Contents

Identification_Information
     Abstract 
     Purpose 
     Supplemental Information 
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
     Detailed Description
     Overview 
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Section


Identification_Information

Citation_Information Originator: Cornell University GIS Group Publication_Date: 1999 Title: MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms Publication_Information Publication_Place: Publisher: Cornell University /INSTOC Other_Citation_Details: compiled from published papers Online_Linkage: http://www.atlas.geo.cornell.edu

Description Abstract The dataset contains location, time, and focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in the North Africa and the Middle East. Solutions are included either because they differ from the CMT solution or because the earthquake predates Harvard CMT analysis (i.e., before 1977) or has a magnitude too small to apply CMT analysis (i.e., < 5.5). Purpose Supplemental_Information Procedures_Used Many researchers have calculated focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in North Africa and the Middle East, using first motions or body wave inversion. Focal mechanism solutions were assembled by the Cornell GIS group from published papers, graduate theses, and personal communications. Those with the P- and T-axes only, or strike and dip only of the two nodal planes, were converted to strike, dip, rake at Cornell using the Fortran program of John Gephart (personal communication). This program also calculates the number of degrees by which the nodal planes differ from orthogonality; this datum became the RAKE_ERR item. All data sets were put into a standard format and combined to make an Arc Info coverage. Revisions Reviews_Applied_to_Data Most solutions have been published (see references). When several sources analyze the same earthquake, the best solution (usually the most recent) was selected. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets References_Cited Cornell University GIS Group, 1998, MENA non-CMT Focal Mechanisms (= this ArcInfo coverage), , New York: Cornell University GIS group. http://atlas.geo.cornell.edu References Part I: We have copies of these papers on file. Abdel Fattah, Aki K., Hesham M. Hussein, Ezzeldien M. Ibrahim, and Ahmad S. Abu El Atta, 1997, Fault plane solutions of the 1993 and 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquakes and their tectonic implications, Annali di Geofisica, 40(6): 1555-1564. Alptekin, Omer, 1973, Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in western Turkey and their tectonic implications, PhD thesis, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Anderson, Helen, and James Jackson, 1987, Active tectonics of the Adriatic Region, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 91(3): 937-983. Arieh, E., Y. Rotstein, and U. Peled, 1982, The Dead Sea earthquake of 23 April 1979, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(5): 1627-1634. Baker, Calum, James Jackson, and Keith Priestley, 1993, Earthquakes on the Kazerun Line in the Zagros Mountains of Iran: strike-slip faulting within a fold-and-thrust belt, Geophysical Journal International, 115(1): 41-61. Baker, Calum, Denis Hatzfeld, Helene Lyon-Caen, Elephteria Papadimitriou, and Alexis Rigo, 1997, Earthquake mechanisms of the Adriatic Sea and western Greece: Implications for the oceanic subduction-continental collision transition, Geophysical Journal International, 131(3): 559-594. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, and S. Arshadi, 1979a, Surface rupture and mechanism of the Bob-Tangol (southeastern Iran) earthquake of 19 December 1977, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 42(3): 456-462. Berberian, M., I. Asudeh, R.G. Bilham, C.H. Scholz, and C. Soufleris, 1979b, Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 69(6): 1851-1859. Berberian, M., J.A. Jackson, M. Ghorashi, and M.H. Kadjar, 1984, Field and teleseismic observations of the 1981 Golbaf-Sirch earthquakes in SE Iran, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(3): 809-838. Berberian, M., M. Qorashi, J.A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and T. Wallace, 1992, The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NW Persia: Preliminary field and seismological observations, and its tectonic significance, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(4): 1726-1755. Buforn, E., C. Sanz de Galdeano and A. Udías, 1995, Seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Tectonophysics, 248(3-4): 247-261. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and R. Madariaga, 1991, Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain, Pure and Applied Geophysics, 136(4): 375-393. Buforn, E., A. Udias, and M.A. Colombas, 1988, Seismicity, source mechanisms and tectonics of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, Tectonophysics 152(1-2): 89-118. Byrne, Daniel E. and Lynn R. Sykes, 1992, Great thrust earthquakes and aseismic slip along the plate boundary of the Makran subduction zone, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(1): 449-478. Canitez, Nezihi and S. Balamir Ucer, 1967, Computer determinations for the fault-plane solutions in and near Anatolia, Tectonophysics, 4(3): 235-244. Canitez, N. and M.N. Toksoz, 1971, Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body and surface wave data, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 61(5): 1369-1379. Chaimov, Thomas A. and Muawia Barazangi, 1990, Crustal shortening in the Palmyride Fold Belt, Syria, and implications for movement along the Dead Sea fault system, Tectonics, 9(6): 1369-1386. Chandra, Umesh, 1984, Focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes in Iran, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 34(1): 9-16. Comninakis, E., and C. Papazachos, 1972, Seismicity of the eastern Mediterranean and some tectonic features of the Mediterranean Ridge, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83(4): 1093-1102. Dlala, M., and M. Hfaiedh, 1993, Le seisme du 7 novembre 1989 a Metlaoui (Tunisie meriodonale): Une tectonique active en compression, Comptes Rendus de lAcademie des Sciences, Serie 2, 317(10): 1297-1302. El Alami, S.O., F. Medina and H. Jebli, 1992, Etude du seisme dAgadir du 5 avril 1992, GAIA, 5: 1-5. Eyidogan, Haluk and James Jackson, 1985, A seismological study of normal faulting in the Demirci, Alasehir and Gediz earthquakes of 1969-70 in western Turkey: Implications for the nature and geometry of deformation in the continental crust, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 81(3): 569-607. Fahmi, Khalid J., Mazin A.H. Al Salim, and Basil S. Ayar, 1986, Recent earthquake activity in the Lesser Zab region of northeastern Iraq, Tectonophysics, 131(1-2): 89-111. Frogneux, M., 1980, La sismicité marocaine de 1972 á 1978: Etude des parametres a la source des séismes proches, PhD thesis, Grenoble, France: Univ. Grenoble, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne, 131 pp. Fuenzalida, H., L. Dorbath, A. Cisternas, H. Eyidogan, A. Barka, L. Rivera, H. Haessler, H. Philip, and N. Lyberis, 1997, Mechanism of the 1992 Erzincan earthquake and its aftershocks, tectonics of the Erzincan Basin and decoupling on the North Anatolian Fault, Geophysical Journal International, 129(1): 1-28. Girardin, N., D. Hatzfeld and R. Guiraud, 1978, La sismicité du nord de lAlgerie, Comptes Rendus sommaire du Société Géologique de France, 19, supplement 2: 95-100. Grimison, Nina L. and Wang-Ping Chen, 1986, The Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary: Focal mechanisms, depths of earthquakes, and their tectonic implications, Journal of Geophysical Research 91(2): 2029-2047. Gueddiche, M., H. Harjono, N. B. Ayed, M. Hfaiedh, M. Diament and J. Dubois, 1992, Analyse de la séismicité et mise en évidence daccidents actifs dans le nord de la Tunisie, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 163(4): 415-425. Hatzfeld, D., D. Kementzetzidou, V. Karakostas, M. Ziazia, S. Nothard, D. Diagourtas, A. Deschamps, G. Karakaisis, P. Papadimitriou, M. Scordilis, R. Smith, N. Voulgaris, S. Kiratzi, K. Makropoulos, M.P. Bouin, and P. Bernard., 1996, The Galaxidi earthquake of 18 November 1992: A possible asperity within the normal fault system of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6): 1987-1991. Hofstetter, A., T. van Eck, and A. Shapira, 1996, Seismic activity along fault branches of the Dead Sea-Jordan Transform System: The Carmel-Tirtza fault system, Tectonophysics, 267(1-4): 317-330. Jackson, James, and Dan McKenzie, 1984, Active tectonics of the Alpine-Himalayan Belt between western Turkey and Pakistan, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 77(1): 185-264. Jackson, James, and Graham Yielding, 1983, The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes, Tectonophysics, 91(1-2): 15-28. Jackson, J.A., J. Gagnepain, G. Houseman, G.C.P. King, P. Papadimitriou, C. Soufleris, and J. Virieux, 1982, Seismicity, normal faulting, and the